Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Advances in Therapy
Published in: Advances in Therapy 2/2017

Open Access 01-02-2017 | Review

Current Perspectives on the Use of Anti-VEGF Drugs as Adjuvant Therapy in Glaucoma

Authors: Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero, Lucía Perucho-González, Julián García-Feijoo, Laura Morales-Fernández, Federico Saenz-Francés, Rocío Herrero-Vanrell, Luis Pablo Júlvez, Vicente Polo Llorens, José María Martínez-de-la-Casa, Anastasios-Georgios P. Konstas

Published in: Advances in Therapy | Issue 2/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

The approval of one of the first anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration one decade ago marked the beginning of a new era in the management of several sight-threatening retinal diseases. Since then, emerging evidence has demonstrated the utility of these therapies for the treatment of other ocular conditions characterized by elevated VEGF levels. In this article we review current perspectives on the use of anti-VEGF drugs as adjuvant therapy in the management of neovascular glaucoma (NVG). The use of anti-VEGFs for modifying wound healing in glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS) is also reviewed. Selected studies investigating the use of anti-VEGF agents or antimetabolites in GFS or the management of NVG have demonstrated that these agents can improve surgical outcomes. However, anti-VEGF agents have yet to demonstrate specific advantages over the more established agents commonly used today. Further studies are needed to evaluate the duration of action, dosing intervals, and toxicity profile of these treatments.
Literature
1.
2.
European Glaucoma Society. Terminology and guidelines for glaucoma. 4th ed. Italy: PubliComm; 2014.
3.
Salim S. Current variations of glaucoma filtration surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2012;23(2):89–95.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Yu DY, Morgan WH, Sun X, et al. The critical role of the conjunctiva in glaucoma filtration surgery. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2009;28(5):303–28.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Lama PJ, Fechtner RD. Antifibrotics and wound healing in glaucoma surgery. Surv Ophthalmol. 2003;48(3):314–46.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Seibold LK, Sherwood MB, Kahook MY. Wound modulation after filtration surgery. Surv Ophthalmol. 2012;57(6):530–50.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Georgoulas S, Dahlmann-Noor A, Brocchini S, Khaw PT. Modulation of wound healing during and after glaucoma surgery. Prog Brain Res. 2008;173:237–54.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Jampel HD, Solus JF, Tracey PA, et al. Outcomes and bleb-related complications of trabeculectomy. Ophthalmology. 2012;119(4):712–22.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Saeedi OJ, Jefferys JL, Solus JF, Jampel HD, Quigley HA. Risk factors for adverse consequences of low intraocular pressure after trabeculectomy. J Glaucoma. 2014;23(1):e60–8.CrossRefPubMed
10.
11.
Van Bergen T, Vandewalle E, Van de Veire S, et al. The role of different VEGF isoforms in scar formation after glaucoma filtration surgery. Exp Eye Res. 2011;93(5):689–99.CrossRefPubMed
12.
13.
Park SC, Su D, Tello C. Anti-VEGF therapy for the treatment of glaucoma: a focus on ranibizumab and bevacizumab. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2012;12(12):1641–7.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Mathew R, Barton K. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in glaucoma filtration surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;152(1):10–5.e2.
15.
Ciulla TA, Rosenfeld PJ. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for neovascular ocular diseases other than age-related macular degeneration. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2009;20(3):166–74.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Andreoli CM, Miller JW. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for ocular neovascular disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007;18(6):502–8.CrossRefPubMed
17.
SooHoo JR, Seibold LK, Kahook MY. Recent advances in the management of neovascular glaucoma. Semin Ophthalmol. 2013;28(3):165–72.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Kim M, Lee C, Payne R, Yue BY, Chang JH, Ying H. Angiogenesis in glaucoma filtration surgery and neovascular glaucoma: a review. Surv Ophthalmol. 2015;60(6):524–35.
19.
Fong DS, Girach A, Boney A. Visual side effects of successful scatter laser photocoagulation surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a literature review. Retina. 2007;27(7):816–24.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Hasanreisoglu M, Weinberger D, Mimouni K, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab as an adjunct treatment for neovascular glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2009;19(4):607–12.PubMed
21.
Marey HM, Ellakwa AF. Intravitreal bevacizumab with or without mitomycin C trabeculectomy in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:841–5.PubMedPubMedCentral
22.
Yuzbasioglu E, Artunay O, Rasier R, Sengul A, Bahcecioglu H. Simultaneous intravitreal and intracameral injection of bevacizumab (Avastin) in neovascular glaucoma. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2009;25(3):259–64.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Kitnarong N, Sriyakul C, Chinwattanakul S. A prospective study to evaluate intravitreous ranibizumab as adjunctive treatment for trabeculectomy in neovascular glaucoma. Ophthalmol Ther. 2015;4(1):33–41.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
Tolentino M. Systemic and ocular safety of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapies for ocular neovascular disease. Surv Ophthalmol. 2011;56(2):95–113.CrossRefPubMed
25.
SooHoo JR, Seibold LK, Pantcheva MB, Kahook MY. Aflibercept for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2015;43(9):803–7.
26.
Keck PJ, Hauser SD, Krivi G, et al. Vascular permeability factor, an endothelial cell mitogen related to PDGF. Science. 1989;246(4935):1309–12.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Bao P, Kodra A, Tomic-Canic M, Golinko MS, Ehrlich HP, Brem H. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in wound healing. J Surg Res. 2009;153(2):347–58.CrossRefPubMed
28.
29.
Pralhad T, Madhusudan S, Rajendrakumar K. Concept, mechanisms and therapeutics of angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2003;55(8):1045–53.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Cohen T, Herzog Y, Neufeld G. Neuropilin-2 is a receptor for the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) forms VEGF-145 and VEGF-165 [corrected]. J Biol Chem. 2000;275(24):18040–5.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Soker S, Miao HQ, Nomi M, Takashima S, Klagsbrun M. VEGF165 mediates formation of complexes containing VEGFR-2 and neuropilin-1 that enhance VEGF165-receptor binding. J Cell Biochem. 2002;85(2):357–68.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Presta LG, Chen H, O’Connor SJ, et al. Humanization of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody for the therapy of solid tumors and other disorders. Cancer Res. 1997;57(20):4593–9.PubMed
33.
Ferrara N, Gerber HP, LeCouter J. The biology of VEGF and its receptors. Nat Med. 2003;9(6):669–76.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Grisanti S, Ziemssen F. Bevacizumab: off-label use in ophthalmology. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2007;55(6):4.CrossRef
35.
Rodrigues EB, Farah ME, Maia M, et al. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in ophthalmology. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2009;28(2):117–44.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Gaudreault J, Fei D, Rusit J, Suboc P, Shiu V. Preclinical pharmacokinetics of ranibizumab (rhuFabV2) after a single intravitreal administration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46(2):726–33.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Kaiser PK. Antivascular endothelial growth factor agents and their development: therapeutic implications in ocular diseases. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142(4):660–8.CrossRefPubMed
38.
39.
Gaudreault J, Fei D, Beyer JC, et al. Pharmacokinetics and retinal distribution of ranibizumab, a humanized antibody fragment directed against VEGF-A, following intravitreal administration in rabbits. Retina. 2007;27(9):1260–6.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Bakri SJ, Snyder MR, Reid JM, Pulido JS, Ezzat MK, Singh RJ. Pharmacokinetics of intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis). Ophthalmology. 2007;114(12):2179–82.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Holash J, Davis S, Papadopoulos N, Croll SD, Ho L, Russell M, et al. VEGF-Trap: a VEGF blocker with potent antitumor effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2002;99(17):11393–8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
Rudge JS, Holash J, Hylton D, et al. VEGF trap complex formation measures production rates of VEGF, providing a biomarker for predicting efficacious angiogenic blockade. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104(47):18363–70.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Meyer T, Robles-Carrillo L, Robson T, et al. Bevacizumab immune complexes activate platelets and induce thrombosis in FCGR2A transgenic mice. J Thromb Haemost. 2009;7(1):171–81.CrossRefPubMed
44.
45.
Sivak-Callcott JA, O’Day DM, Gass JD, Tsai JC. Evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of neovascular glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2001;108(10):1767–76 (quiz 77, 800).CrossRefPubMed
46.
Chalam KV, Brar VS, Murthy RK. Human ciliary epithelium as a source of synthesis and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in neovascular glaucoma. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014;132(11):1350–4.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Shweiki D, Itin A, Soffer D, Keshet E. Vascular endothelial growth factor induced by hypoxia may mediate hypoxia-initiated angiogenesis. Nature. 1992;359(6398):843–5.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Carmeliet P, Ferreira V, Breier G, et al. Abnormal blood vessel development and lethality in embryos lacking a single VEGF allele. Nature. 1996;380(6573):435–9.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Goishi K, Klagsbrun M. Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in embryonic zebrafish blood vessel development. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2004;62:127–52.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Alvarez Arroyo MV, Caramelo C, Angeles Castilla M, González Pacheco FR, Martín O, Arias J. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the response to vessel injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 1998;68:S7–9.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Leung DW, Cachianes G, Kuang WJ, Goeddel DV, Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen. Science. 1989;246(4935):1306–9.CrossRefPubMed
52.
Yoshida A, Anand-Apte B, Zetter BR. Differential endothelial migration and proliferation to basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Growth Factors. 1996;13(1–2):57–64.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Brkovic A, Sirois MG. Vascular permeability induced by VEGF family members in vivo: role of endogenous PAF and NO synthesis. J Cell Biochem. 2007;100(3):727–37.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Griffioen AW, Molema G. Angiogenesis: potentials for pharmacologic intervention in the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic inflammation. Pharmacol Rev. 2000;52(2):237–68.PubMed
55.
Alon T, Hemo I, Itin A, Pe’er J, Stone J, Keshet E. Vascular endothelial growth factor acts as a survival factor for newly formed retinal vessels and has implications for retinopathy of prematurity. Nat Med. 1995;1(10):1024–8.CrossRefPubMed
56.
57.
Simha A, Braganza A, Abraham L, Samuel P, Lindsley K. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular glaucoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;10:CD007920.PubMedCentral
58.
Gulati N, Forooghian F, Lieberman R, Jabs DA. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition in uveitis: a systematic review. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95(2):162–5.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Waisbourd M, Shemesh G, Kurtz S, et al. Topical bevacizumab for neovascular glaucoma: a pilot study. Pharmacology. 2014;93(3–4):108–12.CrossRefPubMed
60.
Duch S, Buchacra O, Milla E, Andreu D, Tellez J. Intracameral bevacizumab (Avastin) for neovascular glaucoma: a pilot study in 6 patients. J Glaucoma. 2009;18(2):140–3.CrossRefPubMed
61.
Grisanti S, Biester S, Peters S, et al. Intracameral bevacizumab for iris rubeosis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006;142(1):158–60.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Lüke J, Nassar K, Lüke M, Grisanti S. Ranibizumab as adjuvant in the treatment of rubeosis iridis and neovascular glaucoma—results from a prospective interventional case series. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013;251(10):2403–13.CrossRefPubMed
63.
Grover S, Gupta S, Sharma R, Brar VS, Chalam KV. Intracameral bevacizumab effectively reduces aqueous vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in neovascular glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009;93(2):273–4.CrossRefPubMed
64.
Yazdani S, Hendi K, Pakravan M, Mahdavi M, Yaseri M. Intravitreal bevacizumab for neovascular glaucoma: a randomized controlled trial. J Glaucoma. 2009;18(8):632–7.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Sugimoto Y, Mochizuki H, Okumichi H, et al. Effect of intravitreal bevacizumab on iris vessels in neovascular glaucoma patients. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010;248(11):1601–9.CrossRefPubMed
66.
Saito Y, Higashide T, Takeda H, Murotani E, Ohkubo S, Sugiyama K. Clinical factors related to recurrence of anterior segment neovascularization after treatment including intravitreal bevacizumab. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;149(6):964–72.e1.
67.
68.
Cantor LB, Mantravadi A, WuDunn D, Swamynathan K, Cortes A. Morphologic classification of filtering blebs after glaucoma filtration surgery: the Indiana Bleb Appearance Grading Scale. J Glaucoma. 2003;12(3):266–71.CrossRefPubMed
69.
Uchida K, Uchida S, Nitta K, Yumura W, Marumo F, Nihei H. Glomerular endothelial cells in culture express and secrete vascular endothelial growth factor. Am J Physiol. 1994;266(1 Pt 2):F81–8.PubMed
70.
Berse B, Brown LF, Van de Water L, Dvorak HF, Senger DR. Vascular permeability factor (vascular endothelial growth factor) gene is expressed differentially in normal tissues, macrophages, and tumors. Mol Biol Cell. 1992;3(2):211–20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
71.
Nissen NN, Polverini PJ, Koch AE, Volin MV, Gamelli RL, DiPietro LA. Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates angiogenic activity during the proliferative phase of wound healing. Am J Pathol. 1998;152(6):1445–52.PubMedPubMedCentral
72.
Banks RE, Forbes MA, Kinsey SE, et al. Release of the angiogenic cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from platelets: significance for VEGF measurements and cancer biology. Br J Cancer. 1998;77(6):956–64.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
73.
Gaudry M, Brégerie O, Andrieu V, El Benna J, Pocidalo MA, Hakim J. Intracellular pool of vascular endothelial growth factor in human neutrophils. Blood. 1997;90(10):4153–61.PubMed
74.
Stavri GT, Zachary IC, Baskerville PA, Martin JF, Erusalimsky JD. Basic fibroblast growth factor upregulates the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in vascular smooth muscle cells. Synergistic interaction with hypoxia. Circulation. 1995;92(1):11–4.CrossRefPubMed
75.
Costa VP, Spaeth GL, Eiferman RA, Orengo-Nania S. Wound healing modulation in glaucoma filtration surgery. Ophthalmic Surg. 1993;24(3):152–70.PubMed
76.
Lopilly Park HY, Kim JH, Ahn MD, Park CK. Level of vascular endothelial growth factor in Tenon tissue and results of glaucoma surgery. Arch Ophthalmol. 2012;130(6):685–9.PubMed
77.
Li Z, Van Bergen T, Van de Veire S, et al. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor reduces scar formation after glaucoma filtration surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50(11):5217–25.CrossRefPubMed
78.
Memarzadeh F, Varma R, Lin LT, et al. Postoperative use of bevacizumab as an antifibrotic agent in glaucoma filtration surgery in the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50(7):3233–7.CrossRefPubMed
79.
Ozgonul C, Mumcuoglu T, Gunal A. The effect of bevacizumab on wound healing modulation in an experimental trabeculectomy model. Curr Eye Res. 2014;39(5):451–9.CrossRefPubMed
80.
Sengupta S, Venkatesh R, Ravindran RD. Safety and efficacy of using off-label bevacizumab versus mitomycin C to prevent bleb failure in a single-site phacotrabeculectomy by a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Glaucoma. 2012;21(7):450–9.CrossRefPubMed
81.
Sengupta S. Reply to “safety and efficacy of using off-label bevacizumab versus mitomycin C to prevent bleb failure in a single site phacotrabeculectomy by a randomized controlled clinical trial”. J Glaucoma. 2013;22(3):266–7.CrossRefPubMed
82.
Tai TY, Moster MR, Pro MJ, Myers JS, Katz LJ. Needle bleb revision with bevacizumab and mitomycin C compared with mitomycin C alone for failing filtration blebs. J Glaucoma. 2015;24(4):311–5.CrossRefPubMed
83.
Pro MJ, Freidl KB, Neylan CJ, Sawchyn AK, Wizov SS, Moster MR. Ranibizumab versus mitomycin C in primary trabeculectomy—a pilot study. Curr Eye Res. 2015;40(5):510–5.CrossRefPubMed
84.
Nilforushan N, Yadgari M, Kish SK, Nassiri N. Subconjunctival bevacizumab versus mitomycin C adjunctive to trabeculectomy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153(2):352–7.e1.
85.
Grewal DS, Jain R, Kumar H, Grewal SP. Evaluation of subconjunctival bevacizumab as an adjunct to trabeculectomy a pilot study. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(12):2141–5.e2.
86.
Akkan JU, Cilsim S. Role of subconjunctival bevacizumab as an adjuvant to primary trabeculectomy: a prospective randomized comparative 1-year follow-up study. J Glaucoma. 2015;24(1):1–8.CrossRefPubMed
87.
Kahook MY. Bleb morphology and vascularity after trabeculectomy with intravitreal ranibizumab: a pilot study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;150(3):399–403.e1.
88.
Franco L, Rassi B, Avila MP, Magacho L. Prospective study comparing mitomycin C or bevacizumab as adjuvant in trabeculectomy revision by needling. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2015;26(3):221–5.
89.
Mietz H. The toxicology of mitomycin C on the ciliary body. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 1996;7(2):72–9.CrossRefPubMed
90.
Nomoto H, Shiraga F, Kuno N, et al. Pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab after topical, subconjunctival, and intravitreal administration in rabbits. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50(10):4807–13.CrossRefPubMed
91.
Khaw PT, Sherwood MB, MacKay SL, Rossi MJ, Schultz G. Five-minute treatments with fluorouracil, floxuridine, and mitomycin have long-term effects on human Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992;110(8):1150–4.CrossRefPubMed
92.
Kirwan JF, Lockwood AJ, Shah P, et al. Trabeculectomy in the 21st century: a multicenter analysis. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(12):2532–9.CrossRefPubMed
93.
Wilkins M, Indar A, Wormald R. Intra-operative mitomycin C for glaucoma surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;4:CD002897.
94.
Jurkowska-Dudzińska J, Kosior-Jarecka E, Zarnowski T. Comparison of the use of 5-fluorouracil and bevacizumab in primary trabeculectomy: results at 1 year. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012;40(4):e135–42.CrossRefPubMed
95.
Vandewalle E, Abegão Pinto L, Van Bergen T, et al. Intracameral bevacizumab as an adjunct to trabeculectomy: a 1-year prospective, randomised study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014;98(1):73–8.CrossRefPubMed
96.
Lattanzio FA, Sheppard JD, Allen RC, Baynham S, Samuel P, Samudre S. Do injections of 5-fluorouracil after trabeculectomy have toxic effects on the anterior segment? J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2005;21(3):223–35.CrossRefPubMed
97.
Cui LJ, Sun NX, Li XH, Huang J, Yang JG. Subconjunctival sustained release 5-fluorouracil for glaucoma filtration surgery. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2008;29(9):1021–8.CrossRefPubMed
98.
Mietz H, Roters S, Krieglstein GK. Bullous keratopathy as a complication of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2005;243(12):1284–7.CrossRefPubMed
99.
Hau S, Barton K. Corneal complications of glaucoma surgery. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2009;20(2):131–6.CrossRefPubMed
100.
Yoeruek E, Spitzer MS, Tatar O, Aisenbrey S, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Szurman P. Safety profile of bevacizumab on cultured human corneal cells. Cornea. 2007;26(8):977–82.CrossRefPubMed
101.
Yoeruek E, Ziemssen F, Henke-Fahle S, et al. Safety, penetration and efficacy of topically applied bevacizumab: evaluation of eyedrops in corneal neovascularization after chemical burn. Acta Ophthalmol. 2008;86(3):322–8.CrossRefPubMed
102.
Avery RL, Pearlman J, Pieramici DJ, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2006;113(10):1695.e1–15.
103.
Rich RM, Rosenfeld PJ, Puliafito CA, et al. Short-term safety and efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2006;26(5):495–511.CrossRefPubMed
104.
Kahook MY, Schuman JS, Noecker RJ. Intravitreal bevacizumab in a patient with neovascular glaucoma. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2006;37(2):144–6.PubMed
105.
Georgalas I, Papaconstantinou D, Tservakis I, Koutsandrea C, Ladas I. Severe hypotony and filtering bleb leak after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2009;5(1):17–9.PubMedPubMedCentral
106.
Bochmann F, Kaufmann C, Becht CN, et al. ISRCTN12125882—influence of topical anti-VEGF (Ranibizumab) on the outcome of filtration surgery for glaucoma—study protocol. BMC Ophthalmol. 2011;11:1.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
107.
Wong J, Wang N, Miller JW, Schuman JS. Modulation of human fibroblast activity by selected angiogenesis inhibitors. Exp Eye Res. 1994;58(4):439–51.CrossRefPubMed
108.
Kano MR, Morishita Y, Iwata C, et al. VEGF-A and FGF-2 synergistically promote neoangiogenesis through enhancement of endogenous PDGF-B-PDGFRbeta signaling. J Cell Sci. 2005;118(Pt 16):3759–68.CrossRefPubMed
109.
Liu X, Du L, Li N. The effects of bevacizumab in augmenting trabeculectomy for glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(15):e3223.CrossRef
110.
Schmucker C, Loke YK, Ehlken C, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) versus ranibizumab (Lucentis) for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration: a safety review. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95(3):308–17.CrossRefPubMed
111.
Wakabayashi T, Oshima Y, Sakaguchi H, et al. Intravitreal bevacizumab to treat iris neovascularization and neovascular glaucoma secondary to ischemic retinal diseases in 41 consecutive cases. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(9):1571–80, 80.e1-3.
Metadata
Title
Current Perspectives on the Use of Anti-VEGF Drugs as Adjuvant Therapy in Glaucoma
Authors
Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero
Lucía Perucho-González
Julián García-Feijoo
Laura Morales-Fernández
Federico Saenz-Francés
Rocío Herrero-Vanrell
Luis Pablo Júlvez
Vicente Polo Llorens
José María Martínez-de-la-Casa
Anastasios-Georgios P. Konstas
Publication date
01-02-2017
Publisher
Springer Healthcare
Published in
Advances in Therapy / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0741-238X
Electronic ISSN: 1865-8652
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-016-0461-z

Other articles of this Issue 2/2017

Advances in Therapy 2/2017 Go to the issue

Original Research

Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Once-Weekly and Once-Monthly Buprenorphine Subcutaneous Injection Depots (CAM2038) Versus Intravenous and Sublingual Buprenorphine in Healthy Volunteers Under Naltrexone Blockade: An Open-Label Phase 1 Study

Review

Decision-Making in Clinical Practice: Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation and a Single Additional Stroke Risk Factor

Original Research

The Effect of Evolving Strategies in the Surgical Management of Organ-Confined Prostate Cancer: Comparison of Data from 2005 to 2014 in a Multicenter Setting

Review

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Individualized Therapy: Tailored Approach to Symptom Management

Original Research

Cost-Effectiveness of Different Strategies for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism After Total Hip Replacement in China

Review

A Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia: A Focus on High Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Watch now

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits