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Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

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01-07-2015 | Neuroimaging (DJ Brooks, Section Editor)

Developments in the Role of Transcranial Sonography for the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonism

Authors: Andrea Pilotto, Rezzak Yilmaz, Daniela Berg

Published in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports | Issue 7/2015

Abstract

In the last two decades transcranial sonography (TCS) has developed as a valuable, supplementary tool in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of movement disorders. In this review, we highlight recent evidence supporting TCS as a reliable method in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism, combining substantia nigra (SN), basal ganglia and ventricular system findings. Moreover, several studies support SN hyperechogenicity as one of most important risk factors for Parkinson’s disease (PD). The advantages of TCS include short investigation time, low cost and lack of radiation. Principal limitations are still the dependency on the bone window and operator experience. New automated algorithms may reduce the role of investigator skill in the assessment and interpretation, increasing TCS diagnostic reliability. Based on the convincing evidence available, the EFNS accredited the method of TCS a level A recommendation for supporting the diagnosis of PD and its differential diagnosis from secondary and atypical parkinsonism. An increasing number of training programmes is extending the use of this technique in clinical practice.

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Title: Developments in the Role of Transcranial Sonography for the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonism
Authors: Andrea Pilotto
Rezzak Yilmaz
Daniela Berg
Publication date: 01-07-2015
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports / Issue 7/2015
Print ISSN: 1528-4042
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6293
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-015-0566-9

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Developments in the Role of Transcranial Sonography for the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonism

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