Top

Published in:

01-05-2013 | Animal Research

Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Plication in the Rat Result in Weight Loss with Different Endocrine Profiles

Authors: Marta Guimarães, Mário Nora, Tiago Ferreira, Sara Andrade, Andreia M. Ribeiro, Vera Oliveira, Marcos C. Carreira, Felipe F. Casanueva, Mariana P. Monteiro

Published in: Obesity Surgery | Issue 5/2013

Abstract

Background

Restrictive bariatric surgery procedures currently used include adjustable gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and gastric plication (GP), of which the last two techniques still lack sufficient data and long-term studies on weight loss, surgical complications, resolution of comorbidities, and mechanisms of weight loss. Therefore, gastric plication and sleeve gastrectomy as a standalone procedure are still considered experimental. Our aim was to analyze the effects of SG and GP on body weight, food intake, and endocrine profile.

Methods

Forty-four male Wistar rats were randomized into six weight-matched groups and submitted either to SG, GP, or sham-operated. Sham-operated rats were divided into pair-fed and fed ad libitum controls, one for each procedure. Animals were followed up for 21 days after surgery, while body weight and food intake were recorded daily, when fasting ghrelin, leptin, insulin and glucose plasma levels, and ghrelin expression in the stomach were measured.

Results

Rats submitted to SG and GP showed a significant decrease in body weight gain to the same extent as rats pair-fed to the surgical groups when compared to sham-operated fed ad libitum controls. After surgery, SG rats showed no difference in body composition, ghrelin, leptin, insulin, or glucose levels, while GP rats displayed lower body fat content and leptin levels compared to controls. Ghrelin was also lower in GP rats compared to sham-operated pair-fed rats. Ghrelin expression displayed a pattern similar to circulating ghrelin.

Conclusions

SG and GP result in weight loss, although with differences in body composition and metabolic and endocrine profiles.

Ashrafian H, Bueter M, Ahmed K, et al. Metabolic surgery: an evolution through bariatric animal models. Obes Rev. 2010;11(12):907–20.PubMedCrossRef

Prentice AM. The emerging epidemic of obesity in developing countries. Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35(1):93–9.PubMedCrossRef

Puska P, Nishida C, Porter D. World Health Organization, Obesity and overweight. Available at http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/publications/facts/obesity/en/print.html. Acessed 3 July 2009 2006.

Brolin RE. Bariatric surgery and long-term control of morbid obesity. JAMA. 2002;288(22):2793–6.PubMedCrossRef

Mun EC, Blackburn GL, Matthews JB. Current status of medical and surgical therapy for obesity. Gastroenterology. 2001;120(3):669–81.PubMedCrossRef

Buchwald H. The future of bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2005;15(5):598–605.PubMedCrossRef

Buchwald H, Estok R, Fahrbach K, et al. Weight and type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2009;122(3):248–56. e5.PubMedCrossRef

Chevallier JM, Zinzindohoué F, Douard R, et al. Complications after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for morbid obesity: experience with 1,000 patients over 7 years. Obes Surg. 2004;14(3):407–14.PubMedCrossRef

Shi X, Karmali S, Sharma AM, et al. A review of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity. Obes Surg. 2010;20(8):1171–7.PubMedCrossRef

10.

Langer FB, Reza Hoda MA, Bohdjalian A, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric banding: effects on plasma ghrelin levels. Obes Surg. 2005;15(7):1024–9.PubMedCrossRef

11.

Brethauer SA, Harris JL, Kroh M, et al. Laparoscopic gastric plication for treatment of severe obesity. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2011;7(1):15–22.PubMedCrossRef

12.

Jacobs M, Bisland W, Gomez E, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a retrospective review of 1- and 2-year results. Surg Endosc. 2010;24(4):781–5.PubMedCrossRef

13.

Rosenthal R, Li X, Samuel S, et al. Effect of sleeve gastrectomy on patients with diabetes mellitus. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2009;5(4):429–34.PubMedCrossRef

14.

Ramos A, Galvao Neto M, Galvao M, et al. Laparoscopic greater curvature plication: initial results of an alternative restrictive bariatric procedure. Obes Surg. 2010;20(7):913–8.PubMedCrossRef

15.

Talebpour M, Amoli BS. Laparoscopic total gastric vertical plication in morbid obesity. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2007;17(6):793–8.PubMedCrossRef

16.

Basso N, Casella G, Rizzello M, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as first stage or definitive intent in 300 consecutive cases. Surg Endosc. 2011;25(2):444–9.PubMedCrossRef

17.

Cottam D, Qureshi FG, Mattar SG, et al. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as an initial weight-loss procedure for high-risk patients with morbid obesity. Surg Endosc. 2006;20(6):859–63.PubMedCrossRef

18.

de Bona CJ, Bettiol J, d'Acampora AJ, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy model in Wistar rats. Obes Surg. 2007;17(7):957–61.CrossRef

19.

Fusco PE, Poggetti RS, Younes RN, et al. Evaluation of gastric greater curvature invagination for weight loss in rats. Obes Surg. 2006;16(2):172–7.PubMedCrossRef

20.

Patrikakos P, Toutouzas KG, Perrea D, et al. A surgical rat model of sleeve gastrectomy with staple technique: long-term weight loss results. Obes Surg. 2009;19(11):1586–90.PubMedCrossRef

21.

Valenti V, Martin M, Ramirez B, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy induces weight loss in diet-induced obese rats even if high-fat feeding is continued. Obes Surg. 2011;21(9):1438.PubMedCrossRef

22.

Kodama Y, Zhao CM, Kulseng B, et al. Eating behavior in rats subjected to vagotomy, sleeve gastrectomy, and duodenal switch. J Gastrointest Surg. 2010;14(10):1502–10.PubMedCrossRef

23.

Wang Y, Liu J. Sleeve gastrectomy relieves steatohepatitis in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats. Obes Surg. 2009;19(7):921–5.PubMedCrossRef

24.

Schlager A, Khalaileh A, Mintz Y, et al. A mouse model for sleeve gastrectomy: applications for diabetes research. Microsurgery. 2011;31(1):66–71.PubMedCrossRef

25.

Kojima M, Kangawa K. Ghrelin: structure and function. Physiol Rev. 2005;85(2):495–522.PubMedCrossRef

26.

Tschop M, Weyer C, Tataranni PA, et al. Circulating ghrelin levels are decreased in human obesity. Diabetes. 2001;50(4):707–9.PubMedCrossRef

27.

Dornonville de la Cour C, Lindqvist A, Egecioglu E, et al. Ghrelin treatment reverses the reduction in weight gain and body fat in gastrectomised mice. Gut. 2005;54(7):907–13.PubMedCrossRef

28.

Wang Y, Liu J. Plasma ghrelin modulation in gastric band operation and sleeve gastrectomy. Obes Surg. 2009;19(3):357–62.PubMedCrossRef

29.

Li F, Zhang G, Liang J, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy provides a better control of diabetes by decreasing ghrelin in the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. J Gastrointest Surg. 2009;13(12):2302–8.PubMedCrossRef

30.

Wang Y, Yan L, Jin Z, et al. Effects of sleeve gastrectomy in neonatally streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PLoS One. 2011;6(1):e16383.PubMedCrossRef

31.

Cohen R, Uzzan B, Bihan H, et al. Ghrelin levels and sleeve gastrectomy in super-super-obesity. Obes Surg. 2005;15(10):1501–2.PubMedCrossRef

32.

Pereferrer FS, Gonzàlez MH, Rovira AF, et al. Influence of sleeve gastrectomy on several experimental models of obesity: metabolic and hormonal implications. Obes Surg. 2008;18(1):97–108.PubMedCrossRef

33.

Lopez PP, Nicholson SE, Burkhardt GE, et al. Development of a sleeve gastrectomy weight loss model in obese Zucker rats. J Surg Res. 2009;157(2):243–50.PubMedCrossRef

34.

Williams DL, Grill HJ, Cummings DE, et al. Vagotomy dissociates short- and long-term controls of circulating ghrelin. Endocrinology. 2003;144(12):5184–7.PubMedCrossRef

35.

Quinn R. Comparing rat's to human's age: how old is my rat in people years? Nutrition. 2005;21(6):775–7.PubMedCrossRef

36.

Stefater MA, Pérez-Tilve D, Chambers AP, et al. Sleeve gastrectomy induces loss of weight and fat mass in obese rats, but does not affect leptin sensitivity. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(7):2426–36. 2436 e1-3.PubMedCrossRef

37.

Fusco PE, Poggetti RS, Younes RN, et al. Comparison of anterior gastric wall and greater gastric curvature invaginations for weight loss in rats. Obes Surg. 2007;17(10):1340–5.PubMedCrossRef

Title: Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Plication in the Rat Result in Weight Loss with Different Endocrine Profiles
Authors: Marta Guimarães
Mário Nora
Tiago Ferreira
Sara Andrade
Andreia M. Ribeiro
Vera Oliveira
Marcos C. Carreira
Felipe F. Casanueva
Mariana P. Monteiro
Publication date: 01-05-2013
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Obesity Surgery / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 0960-8923
Electronic ISSN: 1708-0428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-013-0886-2

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Plication in the Rat Result in Weight Loss with Different Endocrine Profiles

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 5/2013

Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis Following Bariatric Surgery

Overweight Patients Achieve Ideal Body Weight Following Curative Gastrectomy Resulting in Better Long-Term Prognosis

Sleeve Gastrectomy Severe Complications: Is It Always a Reasonable Surgical Option?

A Cadaveric Porcine Model for Assessment in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery—a Validation Study

The Effect of Biliopancreatic Diversion Surgery on Renal Function—a Retrospective Study

Occipital C1–C2 Neuromodulation Decreases Body Mass and Fat Stores and Modifies Activity of the Autonomic Nervous System in Morbidly Obese Patients—a Pilot Study