Published in:
01-03-2022 | Septicemia | Original Research
Feasibility of non-invasive neuromonitoring in general intensive care patients using a multi-parameter transcranial Doppler approach
Authors:
Leanne A. Calviello, Danilo Cardim, Marek Czosnyka, Jacobus Preller, Peter Smielewski, Anisha Siyal, Maxwell S. Damian
Published in:
Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing
|
Issue 6/2022
Login to get access
Abstract
Purpose
To assess the feasibility of Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) neuromonitoring in a general intensive care environment, in the prognosis and outcome prediction of patients who are in coma due to a variety of critical conditions.
Methods
The prospective trial was performed between March 2017 and March 2019 Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK. Forty adult patients who failed to awake appropriately after resuscitation from cardiac arrest or were in coma due to conditions such as meningitis, seizures, sepsis, metabolic encephalopathies, overdose, multiorgan failure or transplant were eligible for inclusion. Gathered data included admission diagnosis, duration of ventilation, length of stay in the ICU, length of stay in hospital, discharge status using Cerebral Performance Categories (CPC). All patients received intermittent extended TCD monitoring following inclusion in the study. Parameters of interest included TCD-based indices of cerebral autoregulation, non-invasive intracranial pressure, autonomic system parameters (based on heart rate variability), critical closing pressure, the cerebrovascular time constant and indices describing the shape of the TCD pulse waveform.
Results
Thirty-seven patients were included in the final analysis, with 21 patients classified as good outcome (CPC 1-2) and 16 as poor neurological outcomes (CPC 3-5). Three patients were excluded due to inadequacies identified in the TCD acquisition. The results indicated that irrespective of the primary diagnosis, non-survivors had significantly disturbed cerebral autoregulation, a shorter cerebrovascular time constant and a more distorted TCD pulse waveform (all p<0.05).
Conclusions
Preliminary results from the trial indicate that multi-parameter TCD neuromonitoring increases outcome-predictive power and TCD-based indices can be applied to general intensive care monitoring.