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Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences 10/2008

01-10-2008 | Review Paper

Reactive Oxygen Species and the Hypomotility of the Gall Bladder as Targets for the Treatment of Gallstones with Melatonin: A Review

Authors: Sreedevi Koppisetti, Bharat Jenigiri, M. Pilar Terron, Sandra Tengattini, Hiroshi Tamura, Luis J. Flores, Dun-Xian Tan, Russel J. Reiter

Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Issue 10/2008

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Abstract

Free radical-mediated damage of the gall bladder epithelium predisposes to the development of both gall bladder inflammation and gallstone formation, which often coexist. Melatonin, a pineal and gut secretory product, due to its antioxidant activity along with its effect on the aging gall bladder myocytes, inhibits gallstone formation. Melatonin reduces the biliary levels of cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol absorption across the intestinal epithelium and by increasing the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids. The incidence of gallstones is increasing and is expected to rise dramatically with the increase in the longevity and the risk factors such as obesity. The change in the prevalence of cholelithiasis is associated with a proportionate rise in the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma. In an attempt to improve the quality of life of the rapidly increasing aging population, this article reviews up-to-date information on the pathophysiology of the gall bladder function and discusses the development of new therapies with potential good patient compliance and lower cost than the current treatments.
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Metadata
Title
Reactive Oxygen Species and the Hypomotility of the Gall Bladder as Targets for the Treatment of Gallstones with Melatonin: A Review
Authors
Sreedevi Koppisetti
Bharat Jenigiri
M. Pilar Terron
Sandra Tengattini
Hiroshi Tamura
Luis J. Flores
Dun-Xian Tan
Russel J. Reiter
Publication date
01-10-2008
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Digestive Diseases and Sciences / Issue 10/2008
Print ISSN: 0163-2116
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2568
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-007-0195-5

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