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01-03-2020 | Neuroblastoma

Genetic predisposition and chromosome instability in neuroblastoma

Authors: Gian Paolo Tonini, Mario Capasso

Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric tumor of embryonic origin. About 1–2% of all NBs are familial cases, and genetic predisposition is suspected for the remaining cases. During the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and high-throughput sequencing approaches have been used to identify associations among common and rare genetic variants and NB risk. Substantial data has been produced by large patient cohorts that implicate various genes in NB tumorigenesis, such as CASC15, BARD1, CHEK2, LMO1, LIN28B, AXIN2, BRCA1, TP53, SMARCA4, and CDK1NB. NB, as well as other pediatric cancers, has few recurrent mutations but several copy number variations (CNVs). Almost all NBs show both numerical and structural CNVs. The proportion between numerical and structural CNVs differs between localized and metastatic tumors, with a greater prevalence of structural CNVs in metastatic NB. This genomic chaos frequently identified in NBs suggests that chromosome instability (CIN) could be one of the major actors in NB oncogenesis. Interestingly, many NB-predisposing variants occur in genes involved in the control of genome stability, mitosis, and normal chromosome separation. Here, we discuss the relationship between genetic predisposition and CIN in NB.

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Title: Genetic predisposition and chromosome instability in neuroblastoma
Authors: Gian Paolo Tonini
Mario Capasso
Publication date: 01-03-2020
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma
Pediatric Cancer
Published in: Cancer and Metastasis Reviews / Issue 1/2020
Print ISSN: 0167-7659
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7233
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-020-09843-4

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