Top

Cancer Causes & Control

Published in:

01-12-2008 | Original Paper

Trends in testicular germ cell cancer incidence in Australia

Authors: Peter Baade, P. Carrière, L. Fritschi

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 10/2008

Abstract

Objective

Although increasing incidence of testicular germ cell cancer has been reported in many developed nations, national estimates for Australia, with histological differentiation, are not currently available.

Methods

Using data from all state and territory population-based cancer registries in Australia, this paper reports on incidence trends for seminomas and non-seminomas in Australia between 1982 and 2004 using Joinpoint and Age–Period–Cohort models.

Results

Of the 10,528 testicular germ cell cancers diagnosed during this period, 6086 (58%) were seminomas. Incidence rates have increased (2.6% per year) in Australia since 1982, with the effect stronger among seminomas (3.4% per year) rather than non-seminomas (1.4% per year). There was a strong age effect evident for both subtypes, peaking in the 25–29 year age group for non-seminomas and the 30–34 year age group for seminomas. Non-seminoma rates reflected a significant birth cohort effect, following a U-shaped pattern with the lowest risk among the 1,945 birth cohort.

Conclusions

The differential trends observed for Australia for seminomas and non-seminomas are consistent with those reported for the United States, but slightly different to those reported for Europe. The trends may be at least partly due to changes over time in the prevalence of etiologic or protective factors around the time of birth.

Mostofi F, Sesterhenn I (2004) Tumours of the testis and paratesticular tissue. IARC Press, lyon, Contract No.: Document Number|

Carrière P, Baade P, Fritschi L (2007) Population-based incidence and age distribution of spermatocytic seminoma. J Urol 178:125–128PubMedCrossRef

Oosterhuis JW, Looijenga LH (2005) Testicular germ-cell tumours in a broader perspective. Nat Rev Cancer 5(3):210–222PubMedCrossRef

Purdue MP, Devesa SS, Sigurdson AJ, McGlynn KA (2005) International patterns and trends of testis cancer incidence. Int J Cancer 115:822–827PubMedCrossRef

McGlynn KA, Devesa SS, Sigurdson AJ, Brown LM, Tsao L, Tarone RE (2003) Trends in the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors in the United States. Cancer 97(1):63–70PubMedCrossRef

Weir HK, Marrett LD, Moravan V (1999) Trends in the incidence of testicular germ cell cancer in Ontario by histologic subgroup, 1964–1996. CMAJ 160(2):201–205PubMed

Bergstrom R, Adami HO, Mohner M, Zatonski W, Storm H, Ekbom A, et al. (1996) Increase in testicular cancer incidence in six European countries: a birth cohort phenomenon. J Natl Cancer Inst 88(11):727–733PubMedCrossRef

Bray F, Ferlay J, Devesa SS, McGlynn KA, Moller H (2006) Interpreting the international trends in testicular seminoma and nonseminoma incidence. Nat Clin Pract Urol 3(10):532–543PubMedCrossRef

Kim HJ, Fay MP, Feuer EJ, Midthume DN (2000) Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with application to cancer rates. Stat Med 19:335–351PubMedCrossRef

10.

National Cancer Institute. Joinpoint Regression Program, Version 3.0. Statistical Research and Applications, NCI; 2005 [updated 2005; cited 16 July 2007]; Available from: http://srab.cancer.gov/joinpoint/

11.

Clayton D, Schifflers E (1987) Models for temporal variation in cancer rates. II: Age-period-cohort models. Stat Med 6(4):469–481PubMedCrossRef

12.

Dieckmann KP, Pichlmeier U (2004) Clinical epidemiology of testicular germ cell tumors. World J Urol 22:2–14PubMedCrossRef

13.

Reuter VE (2005) Origins and molecular biology of testicular germ cell tumors. Mod Pathol 18:S51–S60PubMedCrossRef

14.

Zheng T, Holford TR, Ma Z, Ward BA, Flannery J, Boyle P (1996) Continuing increase in incidence of germ-cell testis cancer in young adults: experience from Connecticut, USA, 1935–1992. Int J Cancer 65(6):723–729PubMedCrossRef

15.

McKiernan JM, Goluboff ET, Liberson GL, Golden R, Fisch H (1999) Rising risk of testicular cancer by birth cohort in the United States from 1973 to 1995. J Urol 162(2):361–363PubMedCrossRef

16.

Moller H (2001) Trends in incidence of testicular cancer and prostate cancer in Denmark. Hum Reprod 16(5):1007–1011PubMedCrossRef

17.

Topari J, Kaleva M, Virtanen HE (2001) Trends in the incidence of cryptorchidism and hypospadian, and methodological limitations of registry-based data. Hum Reprod Update 7(3):282–286CrossRef

18.

Virtanen HE, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Main KM, Skakkebaek NE, Toppari J (2005) Testicular dysgenesis syndrome and the development and occurrence of male reproductive disorders. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 207(2 Suppl):501–525PubMedCrossRef

19.

Sharpe RM (2003) The ‘oestrogen hypothesis’- where do we stand now?. Int J Androl 26(1):2–15PubMedCrossRef

20.

Neale RE, Carrière P, Murphy M, Baade P (2008) Testicular cancer in twins: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 98(1):171–173PubMedCrossRef

21.

Rajpert-De Meyts E, Skakkebaek NE (1993) The possible role of sex hormones in the development of testicular cancer. Eur Urol 23:54–61PubMed

22.

Hardell L, Van Bavel B, Lindstrom G, Carlberg M, Eriksson M, Dreifaldt AC, et al. (2004) Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in blood and the risk for testicular cancer. Int J Androl 27(5):282–290PubMedCrossRef

23.

Hardell L, van Bavel B, Lindstrom G, Carlberg M, Dreifaldt AC, Wijkstrom H, et al. (2003) Increased concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorobenzene, and chlordanes in mothers of men with testicular cancer. Environ Health Perspect 111(7):930–934PubMed

24.

Bray F, Richiardi L, Ekbom A, Forman D, Pukkala E, Cuninkova M, et al. (2006) Do testicular seminoma and nonseminoma share the same etiology? Evidence from an age-period-cohort analysis of incidence trends in eight European countries. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15(4):652–658PubMedCrossRef

25.

Aalen OO, Tretli S (1999) Analyzing incidence of testis cancer by means of a frailty model. Cancer Causes Control 10:285–292PubMedCrossRef

26.

Bray F, Richiardi L, Ekbom A, Pukkala E, Cuninkova M, Moller H (2006) Trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality in 22 European countries: continuing increases in incidence and declines in mortality. Int J Cancer 118(12):3099–3111PubMedCrossRef

Title: Trends in testicular germ cell cancer incidence in Australia
Authors: Peter Baade
P. Carrière
L. Fritschi
Publication date: 01-12-2008
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 10/2008
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-008-9168-z

Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras

Prof. Fabrice Barlesi

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 10/2008

Thyroid cancer in the Middle Eastern population of California

Pre-diagnosis body mass index, post-diagnosis weight change, and prognosis among women with early stage breast cancer

Dietary risk factors for hypopharyngeal cancer in India

Alcohol and risk of lung cancer among Japanese men: data from a large-scale population-based cohort study, the JPHC study

Dietary patterns and risk of bladder cancer: a factor analysis in Uruguay

A case–control study of childhood brain tumors and fathers’ hobbies: a Children’s Oncology Group study

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer