Top

Published in:

01-12-2008 | Original Paper

Dietary risk factors for hypopharyngeal cancer in India

Authors: Julia E. Heck, Amir Sapkota, Gajalakshmi Vendhan, Soma Roychowdhury, Rajesh P. Dikshit, Dhaval H. Jetly, Paul Brennan, Paolo Boffetta, Mia Hashibe

Published in: Cancer Causes & Control | Issue 10/2008

Abstract

Objective

The Indian subcontinent has among the highest rates of hypopharyngeal cancer worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between the Indian diet and hypopharyngeal cancer.

Methods

We used data from a hospital-based case–control study of 513 incident hypopharyngeal cancers and 718 controls from four centers in India. Dietary information was assessed using a 67-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Intakes of related foods were combined across food groups and were categorized by quartile. We used unconditional logistic regression modeling, stratified by ever tobacco use, to analyze the association between food intakes and hypopharyngeal cancer.

Results

Among persons who had ever smoked or chewed tobacco, protective associations were seen at the highest quartiles of total fruit intake (OR = 0.37, 0.20–0.69), curds (OR = 0.35, 0.17–0.69), and leafy green (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.13–0.51), root (OR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.11–0.43), and cruciferous vegetable intakes (OR = 0.41, 0.20–0.84). Results were similar, although not as robust, among persons who had never smoked or chewed tobacco. An increased risk of disease was seen among tobacco users who drank milk daily (OR = 1.84, 1.14–2.98).

Conclusions

Dietary factors might contribute to the high risk of hypopharyngeal cancer observed in India.

Ferlay J, Bray F, Pisani P, Parkin DM (2004) GLOBOCAN 2002: cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. IARC Press, Lyon

International Agency for Research on Cancer (2002) Cancer incidence in five continents, volume VIII. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon

Ries L, Harkins D, Krapcho M et al (eds) (2006) SEER cancer statistics review, 1975–2003. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD

Sankaranarayanan R, Black RJ, Parkin DM, International Agency for Research on Cancer (1998) Cancer survival in developing countries. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

Sewnaik A, Hoorweg JJ, Knegt PP, Wieringa MH, van der Beek JM, Kerrebijn JD (2005) Treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma: analysis of nationwide study in the Netherlands over a 10-year period. Clin Otolaryngol 30(1):52–57. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00913.x PubMedCrossRef

Uzcudun AE, Bravo Fernandez P, Sanchez JJ et al (2001) Clinical features of pharyngeal cancer: a retrospective study of 258 consecutive patients. J Laryngol Otol 115(2):112–118. doi:10.1258/0022215011907703 PubMedCrossRef

Canto MT, Devesa SS (2002) Oral cavity and pharynx cancer incidence rates in the United States, 1975–1998. Oral Oncol 38(6):610–617. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(01)00109-9 PubMedCrossRef

Carvalho AL, Nishimoto IN, Califano JA, Kowalski LP (2005) Trends in incidence and prognosis for head and neck cancer in the United States: a site-specific analysis of the SEER database. Int J Cancer 114(5):806–816. doi:10.1002/ijc.20740 PubMedCrossRef

Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P, Franceschi S (2005) Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14(2):467–475. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0551 PubMedCrossRef

10.

Skarsgard DP, Groome PA, Mackillop WJ et al (2000) Cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract in Ontario, Canada, and the United States. Cancer 88(7):1728–1738. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(20000401)88:7<1728::AID-CNCR29>3.0.CO;2-7 PubMedCrossRef

11.

Menvielle G, Luce D, Goldberg P, Bugel I, Leclerc A (2004) Smoking, alcohol drinking and cancer risk for various sites of the larynx and hypopharynx. A case-control study in France. Eur J Cancer Prev 13(3):165–172. doi:10.1097/01.cej.0000130017.93310.76 PubMedCrossRef

12.

IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer (2004) Tobacco smoke and involuntary smoking. IARC Press, Lyon, France

13.

Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y et al (2007) Carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages. Lancet Oncol 8(4):292–293. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(07)70099-2 PubMedCrossRef

14.

World cancer research fund/American institute for cancer research (2007) Food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. American institute for cancer research, Washington, DC

15.

Franceschi S, Favero A, Conti E et al (1999) Food groups, oils and butter, and cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx. Br J Cancer 80(3–4):614–620. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6690400 PubMedCrossRef

16.

Esteve J, Riboli E, Pequignot G et al (1996) Diet and cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx: the IARC multi-center study in southwestern Europe. Cancer Causes Control 7(2):240–252. doi:10.1007/BF00051300 PubMedCrossRef

17.

Takezaki T, Shinoda M, Hatooka S et al (2000) Subsite-specific risk factors for hypopharyngeal and esophageal cancer (Japan). Cancer Causes Control 11(7):597–608. doi:10.1023/A:1008909129756 PubMedCrossRef

18.

Asakage T, Yokoyama A, Haneda T et al (2007) Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases, and drinking, smoking and diet in Japanese men with oral and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 28(4):865–874. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgl206 PubMedCrossRef

19.

Bose K, Chakraborty F, Mitra K, Bisai S (2006) Nutritional status of adult Santal men in Keonjhar District, Orissa, India. Food Nutr Bull 27(4):353–356PubMed

20.

Sapkota A, Gajalakshmi V, Jetly DH et al (2007) Smokeless tobacco and increased risk of hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers: a multicentric case-control study from India. Int J Cancer 121(8):1793–1798. doi:10.1002/ijc.22832 PubMedCrossRef

21.

Gabriel HE, Crott JW, Ghandour H et al (2006) Chronic cigarette smoking is associated with diminished folate status, altered folate form distribution, and increased genetic damage in the buccal mucosa of healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr 83(4):835–841PubMed

22.

Znaor A, Brennan P, Gajalakshmi V et al (2003) Independent and combined effects of tobacco smoking, chewing and alcohol drinking on the risk of oral, pharyngeal and esophageal cancers in Indian men. Int J Cancer 105(5):681–686. doi:10.1002/ijc.11114 PubMedCrossRef

23.

Balaram P, Sridhar H, Rajkumar T et al (2002) Oral cancer in southern India: the influence of smoking, drinking, paan-chewing and oral hygiene. Int J Cancer 98(3):440–445. doi:10.1002/ijc.10200 PubMedCrossRef

24.

Vainio H, Bianchini F, IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Cancer-Preventive Strategies (2003) Fruit and vegetables. IARC Press, Lyon

25.

Sanchez MJ, Martinez C, Nieto A et al (2003) Oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Spain: influence of dietary patterns. Eur J Cancer Prev 12(1):49–56. doi:10.1097/00008469-200302000-00008 PubMedCrossRef

26.

Kreimer AR, Randi G, Herrero R, Castellsague X, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S (2006) Diet and body mass, and oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas: analysis from the IARC multinational case-control study. Int J Cancer 118(9):2293–2297. doi:10.1002/ijc.21577 PubMedCrossRef

27.

Garrote LF, Herrero R, Reyes RM et al (2001) Risk factors for cancer of the oral cavity and oro-pharynx in Cuba. Br J Cancer 85(1):46–54. doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1825 PubMedCrossRef

28.

Liu RH (2004) Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: mechanism of action. J Nutr 134(12 Suppl):3479S–3485SPubMed

29.

Boeing H, Dietrich T, Hoffmann K et al (2006) Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cancer of the upper aero-digestive tract: the prospective EPIC-study. Cancer Causes Control 17(7):957–969. doi:10.1007/s10552-006-0036-4 PubMedCrossRef

30.

Freedman ND, Park Y, Subar AF et al (2008) Fruit and vegetable intake and head and neck cancer risk in a large United States prospective cohort study. Int J Cancer 122(10):2330–2336. doi:10.1002/ijc.23319 PubMedCrossRef

31.

Chainani-Wu N (2002) Diet and oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal cancer. Nutr Cancer 44(2):104–126. doi:10.1207/S15327914NC4402_01 PubMedCrossRef

32.

Carley KW, Puttaiah R, Alvarez JO, Heimburger DC, Anantha N (1994) Diet and oral premalignancy in female south Indian tobacco and betel chewers: a case-control study. Nutr Cancer 22(1):73–84PubMedCrossRef

33.

Maserejian NN, Giovannucci E, Rosner B, Zavras A, Joshipura K (2006) Prospective study of fruits and vegetables and risk of oral premalignant lesions in men. Am J Epidemiol 164(6):556–566. doi:10.1093/aje/kwj233 PubMedCrossRef

34.

Levi F, Pasche C, La Vecchia C, Lucchini F, Franceschi S, Monnier P (1998) Food groups and risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Int J Cancer 77(5):705–709. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980831)77:5<705::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-Z PubMedCrossRef

35.

Riboli E, Lambert R (eds) (2002) Nutrition and lifestyle: opportunities for cancer prevention. IARC scientific publications, IARC, Lyon

36.

Lampe JW (1999) Health effects of vegetables and fruit: assessing mechanisms of action in human experimental studies. Am J Clin Nutr 70(3 Suppl):475S–490SPubMed

37.

La Vecchia C, Negri E, D’Avanzo B, Boyle P, Franceschi S (1991) Dietary indicators of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Int J Epidemiol 20(1):39–44. doi:10.1093/ije/20.1.39 PubMedCrossRef

38.

Bosetti C, Negri E, Franceschi S et al (2000) Risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer in women: a study from Italy and Switzerland. Br J Cancer 82(1):204–207. doi:10.1054/bjoc.1999.0900 PubMedCrossRef

39.

Fioretti F, Bosetti C, Tavani A, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C (1999) Risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer in never smokers. Oral Oncol 35(4):375–378. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(98)00125-0 PubMedCrossRef

40.

Singh RB, Niaz MA, Ghosh S et al (1996) Association of trans fatty acids (vegetable ghee) and clarified butter (Indian ghee) intake with higher risk of coronary artery disease in rural and urban populations with low fat consumption. Int J Cardiol 56(3):289–298. doi:10.1016/0167-5273(96)02760-X PubMedCrossRef

41.

Singh RB, Ghosh S, Niaz AM et al (1995) Epidemiologic study of diet and coronary risk factors in relation to central obesity and insulin levels in rural and urban populations of north India. Int J Cardiol 47(3):245–255. doi:10.1016/0167-5273(94)02186-M PubMedCrossRef

42.

IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer (1991) Coffee, tea, mate, methylxanthines and methylglyoxal. IARC Press, Lyon, France

43.

Franceschi S, Barra S, La Vecchia C, Bidoli E, Negri E, Talamini R (1992) Risk factors for cancer of the tongue and the mouth. A case-control study from northern Italy. Cancer 70(9):2227–2233. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19921101)70:9<2227::AID-CNCR2820700902>3.0.CO;2-Z PubMedCrossRef

44.

Mashberg A, Boffetta P, Winkelman R, Garfinkel L (1993) Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and cancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx among U.S. veterans. Cancer 72(4):1369–1375. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19930815)72:4<1369::AID-CNCR2820720436>3.0.CO;2-L PubMedCrossRef

45.

Tavani A, Bertuzzi M, Talamini R et al (2003) Coffee and tea intake and risk of oral, pharyngeal and esophageal cancer. Oral Oncol 39(7):695–700. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(03)00081-2 PubMedCrossRef

46.

Ide R, Fujino Y, Hoshiyama Y et al (2007) A prospective study of green tea consumption and oral cancer incidence in Japan. Ann Epidemiol 17(10):821–826. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.04.003 PubMedCrossRef

47.

Kapil U, Singh P, Bahadur S, Dwivedi SN, Singh R, Shukla N (2005) Assessment of risk factors in laryngeal cancer in India: a case-control study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 6(2):202–207PubMed

48.

De Stefani E, Deneo-Pellegrini H, Mendilaharsu M, Ronco A (1999) Diet and risk of cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract–I. Foods. Oral Oncol 35(1):17–21. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(98)00060-8 PubMedCrossRef

49.

Hashibe M, Jacob BJ, Thomas G et al (2003) Socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors and oral premalignant lesions. Oral Oncol 39(7):664–671. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(03)00074-5 PubMedCrossRef

50.

Gittelsohn J, Vastine AE (2003) Sociocultural and household factors impacting on the selection, allocation and consumption of animal source foods: current knowledge and application. J Nutr 133(11 Suppl 2):4036S–4041SPubMed

51.

Neumann CG, Bwibo NO, Murphy SP et al (2003) Animal source foods improve dietary quality, micronutrient status, growth and cognitive function in Kenyan school children: background, study design and baseline findings. J Nutr 133(11 Suppl 2):3941S–3949SPubMed

52.

Rajkumar T, Sridhar H, Balaram P et al (2003) Oral cancer in Southern India: the influence of body size, diet, infections and sexual practices. Eur J Cancer Prev 12(2):135–143. doi:10.1097/00008469-200304000-00007 PubMedCrossRef

53.

Heck JE, Chen Y, Grann VR, Slavkovich V, Parvez F, Ahsan H (2008) Arsenic exposure and anemia in Bangladesh: a population-based study. J Occup Environ Med 50(1):80–87PubMed

54.

Heck JE, Gamble MV, Chen Y et al (2007) Consumption of folate-related nutrients and metabolism of arsenic in Bangladesh. Am J Clin Nutr 85(5):1367–1374PubMed

55.

Thomas G, Hashibe M, Jacob BJ et al (2003) Risk factors for multiple oral premalignant lesions. Int J Cancer 107(2):285–291. doi:10.1002/ijc.11383 PubMedCrossRef

56.

Sen U, Sankaranarayanan R, Mandal S, Ramanakumar AV, Parkin DM, Siddiqi M (2002) Cancer patterns in eastern India: the first report of the Kolkata cancer registry. Int J Cancer 100(1):86–91. doi:10.1002/ijc.10446 PubMedCrossRef

Title: Dietary risk factors for hypopharyngeal cancer in India
Authors: Julia E. Heck
Amir Sapkota
Gajalakshmi Vendhan
Soma Roychowdhury
Rajesh P. Dikshit
Dhaval H. Jetly
Paul Brennan
Paolo Boffetta
Mia Hashibe
Publication date: 01-12-2008
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cancer Causes & Control / Issue 10/2008
Print ISSN: 0957-5243
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-008-9204-z

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting Coverage

Highlights of the Day: Breast cancer – metastatic

Breast Cancer Video

In this session, Dr. Wolff provides his key takeaways from the data presented in the metastatic breast cancer oral abstract session at ASCO 2024.

Watch now

Highlights of the Day: Gynecologic cancer

Gynecologic Cancer Video

Highlights of the Day: Breast Cancer – local/regional/adjuvant

Breast Cancer Video

Neoadjuvant dual immunotherapy improves melanoma outcomes

04-06-2024 Melanoma News

» View more highlights on the ASCO 2024 congress hub page

Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras

Prof. Fabrice Barlesi

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Image Credits

ASCO 2024 | Highlights of the Day: Breast cancer – metastatic/© 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology, all rights reserved., ASCO 2024 | Highlights of the Day: Gynecologic Cancer/© 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology, all rights reserved., ASCO 2024 | Highlights of the Day: Breast Cancer – local/regional/adjuvant/© 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology, all rights reserved., Melanoma/© selvanegra / Getty Images / iStock, Antibody drug conjugated with cytotoxic payload/© Love Employee / Getty images / iStock

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 10/2008

Family history of malignancies and risk of breast cancer: prospective data from the Shanghai women’s health study

Colorectal cancer screening awareness and intentions among low income, sociodemographically diverse adults under age 50

A summary measure of pro- and anti-oxidant exposures and risk of incident, sporadic, colorectal adenomas

Race/ethnicity and breast cancer estrogen receptor status: impact of class, missing data, and modeling assumptions

Re: Second primary cancers in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a pooled analysis of 13 cancer registries