Skip to main content
Top
Published in: AIDS and Behavior 3/2008

01-05-2008 | Original Paper

Correlates of Condom Use among Sex Workers and Their Boyfriends in Three West African Countries

Authors: Gaston Godin, Aissatou Tinka Bah, Amadou Sow, Isaac Minani, Diane Morin, Michel Alary

Published in: AIDS and Behavior | Issue 3/2008

Login to get access

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify correlates associated with condom use at last intercourse between sex workers (SW) and their boyfriends (BF). The sample was derived as a convenience sample recruited through existing HIV prevention organizations in Benin, Guinea and Senegal. The Theory of Planned Behavior served as the conceptual framework. A total of 406 individuals (220 SW and 186 BF) participated in the study. Socio-demographic, behavioral and psychological variables were collected through a face-to-face administered questionnaire. Condom use at last intercourse was significantly associated with intention and perceived control among SW as well as their BF. With respect to intention, perceived control, attitude and moral norm explained 82 and 74% of intention of SW and BF, respectively. These results suggest that promoting condom use among SW and BF should be based primarily on the development of personal ability to overcome obstacles to condom use.
Literature
go back to reference Aiken, L., & West, S. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Inc. Aiken, L., & West, S. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Inc.
go back to reference Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions, a theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuln, & J. Beckman (Eds.), Action-control: From cognitive to behavior (pp. 11–39). Heidelberg: Sprigner P. Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions, a theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuln, & J. Beckman (Eds.), Action-control: From cognitive to behavior (pp. 11–39). Heidelberg: Sprigner P.
go back to reference Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 453–474.CrossRef Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 453–474.CrossRef
go back to reference Alary, M., Mukenge-Tshibaka, L., Bernier, F., Geraldo, N., Lowndes, C. M., Meda, H., et al. (2002). Decline in the prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases among female sex workers in Cotonou, Benin, 1993–1999. AIDS, 16, 463–470.PubMedCrossRef Alary, M., Mukenge-Tshibaka, L., Bernier, F., Geraldo, N., Lowndes, C. M., Meda, H., et al. (2002). Decline in the prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases among female sex workers in Cotonou, Benin, 1993–1999. AIDS, 16, 463–470.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Albarracin, D., Kumkale, G. T., & Johnson, B. T. (2004). Influences of social power and normative support on condom use decisions: A research synthesis. AIDS Care, 16, 700–723.PubMedCrossRef Albarracin, D., Kumkale, G. T., & Johnson, B. T. (2004). Influences of social power and normative support on condom use decisions: A research synthesis. AIDS Care, 16, 700–723.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Amaro, H., & Raj, A. (2000). On the margin: Power and women’s HIV risk reduction strategies. Sex Roles, 42, 723–749.CrossRef Amaro, H., & Raj, A. (2000). On the margin: Power and women’s HIV risk reduction strategies. Sex Roles, 42, 723–749.CrossRef
go back to reference Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2000). Social cognition models and health behaviour: A structured review. Psychology and Health, 15, 173–189.CrossRef Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2000). Social cognition models and health behaviour: A structured review. Psychology and Health, 15, 173–189.CrossRef
go back to reference Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 471–479.PubMedCrossRef Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 471–479.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Asamoah-Adu, A., Weir, S., Pappoe, M., Kanlisi, N., Neequaye, A., & Lamptey, P. (1994). Evaluation of a targeted AIDS prevention intervention to increase condom use among prostitutes in Ghana. AIDS, 8, 239–246.PubMedCrossRef Asamoah-Adu, A., Weir, S., Pappoe, M., Kanlisi, N., Neequaye, A., & Lamptey, P. (1994). Evaluation of a targeted AIDS prevention intervention to increase condom use among prostitutes in Ghana. AIDS, 8, 239–246.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182.PubMedCrossRef Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bélanger, D., Alary, M., Godin, G., & Bernard, P.-M. (2002). Factors explaining the intention to use condoms among injecting drug users participating in a needle-exchange program. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 1047–1063.CrossRef Bélanger, D., Alary, M., Godin, G., & Bernard, P.-M. (2002). Factors explaining the intention to use condoms among injecting drug users participating in a needle-exchange program. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 1047–1063.CrossRef
go back to reference Bosompra, K. (2001). Determinants of condom use intentions of university students in Ghana: An application of the theory of reasoned action. Social Science and Medicine, 52, 1057–1069.PubMedCrossRef Bosompra, K. (2001). Determinants of condom use intentions of university students in Ghana: An application of the theory of reasoned action. Social Science and Medicine, 52, 1057–1069.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Coleman, L. M., & Ford, N. J. (1996). An extensive literature review of the evaluation of HIV prevention programs. Health Education Research, 11, 327–338.PubMedCrossRef Coleman, L. M., & Ford, N. J. (1996). An extensive literature review of the evaluation of HIV prevention programs. Health Education Research, 11, 327–338.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Davidson, A. R., Jaccard, J. J., Triandis, H. C., Morales, M. L., & Diaz-Guerrero, R. (1976). Cross-cultural model testing: Toward a solution of a etic-emic dilemma. International Journal of Psychology, 11, 1–13.CrossRef Davidson, A. R., Jaccard, J. J., Triandis, H. C., Morales, M. L., & Diaz-Guerrero, R. (1976). Cross-cultural model testing: Toward a solution of a etic-emic dilemma. International Journal of Psychology, 11, 1–13.CrossRef
go back to reference Fishbein, M., Guenther-Grey, C., Johnson, W. D., Wolitski, R. J., WcAlister, A., Rietmeijer, C. A., et al. (1996). Using a theory-based community intervention to reduce AIDS risk behaviors: The CDC’s AIDS community demonstration projects. In S. Oskamp, & S. Thompson (Eds.), Safer sex and drug use: Understanding and preventing HIV risk behavior (pp. 177–206). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Fishbein, M., Guenther-Grey, C., Johnson, W. D., Wolitski, R. J., WcAlister, A., Rietmeijer, C. A., et al. (1996). Using a theory-based community intervention to reduce AIDS risk behaviors: The CDC’s AIDS community demonstration projects. In S. Oskamp, & S. Thompson (Eds.), Safer sex and drug use: Understanding and preventing HIV risk behavior (pp. 177–206). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
go back to reference Fishbein, M., Triandis, H. C., Kanfer, F. H., Becker, M., Middlestadt, S. E., Eichler, A., et al. (2001). Factors influencing behavior and behavior change. In A. Baum, T. A. Revenson, & J. E. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of health psychology (pp. 3–17). Mahwah NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Fishbein, M., Triandis, H. C., Kanfer, F. H., Becker, M., Middlestadt, S. E., Eichler, A., et al. (2001). Factors influencing behavior and behavior change. In A. Baum, T. A. Revenson, & J. E. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of health psychology (pp. 3–17). Mahwah NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
go back to reference Ford, K., Nyoman Wirawan, D., & Muliawan, P. (2002). Social influence, AIDS/STD knowledge, and condom use among male clients of female sex workers in Bali. AIDS Education and Prevention, 14, 496–504.PubMedCrossRef Ford, K., Nyoman Wirawan, D., & Muliawan, P. (2002). Social influence, AIDS/STD knowledge, and condom use among male clients of female sex workers in Bali. AIDS Education and Prevention, 14, 496–504.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Glasman, L. R., & Albarracin, D. (2003). Models of health-related behavior: A study of condom use in two cities of Argentina. AIDS and Behavior, 7, 183.PubMedCrossRef Glasman, L. R., & Albarracin, D. (2003). Models of health-related behavior: A study of condom use in two cities of Argentina. AIDS and Behavior, 7, 183.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11, 87–98.PubMed Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11, 87–98.PubMed
go back to reference Godin, G., Maticka-Tyndale, E., Adrien, A., Manson-Singer, S., Willms, D., & Cappon, P. (1996). Cross-cultural testing of three social cognitive theories: An application to condom use. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 1556–1586.CrossRef Godin, G., Maticka-Tyndale, E., Adrien, A., Manson-Singer, S., Willms, D., & Cappon, P. (1996). Cross-cultural testing of three social cognitive theories: An application to condom use. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 1556–1586.CrossRef
go back to reference Holtgrave, D. R., Qualls, N. L., Curran, J. W., Valdiserri, R. O., Guinan, M. E., & Parra, W. C. (1995). An overview of the effectiveness and efficiency of HIV prevention programs. Public Health Reports, 110, 134–146.PubMed Holtgrave, D. R., Qualls, N. L., Curran, J. W., Valdiserri, R. O., Guinan, M. E., & Parra, W. C. (1995). An overview of the effectiveness and efficiency of HIV prevention programs. Public Health Reports, 110, 134–146.PubMed
go back to reference Hosmer, D., & Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied logistic regression (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Hosmer, D., & Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied logistic regression (2nd ed.). New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
go back to reference Johnson, B. L., von Haeften, I., Fishbein, M., Kasprzyk, D., & Montano, D. (2001). Factors influencing IDU and non-IDU female commercial sex workers’ intentions to always use condoms for vaginal sex with their regular partner. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 6, 207–222.CrossRef Johnson, B. L., von Haeften, I., Fishbein, M., Kasprzyk, D., & Montano, D. (2001). Factors influencing IDU and non-IDU female commercial sex workers’ intentions to always use condoms for vaginal sex with their regular partner. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 6, 207–222.CrossRef
go back to reference Kelly, J. A., St. Lawrence, J. S., Hood, H. V., Smith, S. Jr., & Cook, D. J. (1988). Nurses attitudes toward AIDS. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 19, 78–83. Kelly, J. A., St. Lawrence, J. S., Hood, H. V., Smith, S. Jr., & Cook, D. J. (1988). Nurses attitudes toward AIDS. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 19, 78–83.
go back to reference Kenski, K., Appleyard, J., von Haeften, I., kasprzyk, D., & Fishbein, M. (2001). Theoretical determinants of condom use intentions for vaginal sex with a regular partner among male and female injecting drug users. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 6, 179–187.CrossRef Kenski, K., Appleyard, J., von Haeften, I., kasprzyk, D., & Fishbein, M. (2001). Theoretical determinants of condom use intentions for vaginal sex with a regular partner among male and female injecting drug users. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 6, 179–187.CrossRef
go back to reference Klein, C., Easton, D., & Parker, R. (2002). Structural barriers and facilitators in HIV prevention: A review of international research. In A. O’Leary (Ed.), Beyond condoms: Alternative approaches to HIV prevention (pp. 17–46). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. Klein, C., Easton, D., & Parker, R. (2002). Structural barriers and facilitators in HIV prevention: A review of international research. In A. O’Leary (Ed.), Beyond condoms: Alternative approaches to HIV prevention (pp. 17–46). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
go back to reference Kok, G., Van Den Borne, B., & Dolan Mullen, P. (1997). Effectiveness of health education and health promotion: Meta-analyses of effect studies and determinants of effectiveness. Patient Education and Counseling, 30, 19–27.PubMedCrossRef Kok, G., Van Den Borne, B., & Dolan Mullen, P. (1997). Effectiveness of health education and health promotion: Meta-analyses of effect studies and determinants of effectiveness. Patient Education and Counseling, 30, 19–27.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Laga, M., Alary, M., Nzila, N., Manoka, A. T., Tuliza, M., Behets, F., et al. (1994). Condom promotion, sexually transmitted diseases treatment, and declining incidence of HIV-1 infection in female Zairian sex workers. The Lancet, 344, 246–248.CrossRef Laga, M., Alary, M., Nzila, N., Manoka, A. T., Tuliza, M., Behets, F., et al. (1994). Condom promotion, sexually transmitted diseases treatment, and declining incidence of HIV-1 infection in female Zairian sex workers. The Lancet, 344, 246–248.CrossRef
go back to reference Lowndes, C. M., Alary, M., Meda, H., Gnintoungbe, C. A., Mukenge-Tshibaka, L., Adjovi, C., et al. (2002). Role of core and bridging groups in the transmission dynamics of HIV and STIs in Cotonou, Benin, West Africa. Sexually transmitted infections, 78(Suppl 1), i69–i77.PubMedCrossRef Lowndes, C. M., Alary, M., Meda, H., Gnintoungbe, C. A., Mukenge-Tshibaka, L., Adjovi, C., et al. (2002). Role of core and bridging groups in the transmission dynamics of HIV and STIs in Cotonou, Benin, West Africa. Sexually transmitted infections, 78(Suppl 1), i69–i77.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Meda, N., Ndoye, I., M’Boup, S., Wade, A., Ndiaye, S., Niang, C., et al. (1999). Low and stable HIV infection rates in Senegal: Natural course of the epidemic or evidence for success of prevention? AIDS, 13, 1397–1405.PubMedCrossRef Meda, N., Ndoye, I., M’Boup, S., Wade, A., Ndiaye, S., Niang, C., et al. (1999). Low and stable HIV infection rates in Senegal: Natural course of the epidemic or evidence for success of prevention? AIDS, 13, 1397–1405.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Organista, K., Organista, P., Garcia de Alba, J., Moran, M., & Carrillo, L. (1997). Survey of condom-related beliefs, behaviors, and perceived social norms in Mexican migrant laborers. Journal of Community Health, 22, 185–198.PubMedCrossRef Organista, K., Organista, P., Garcia de Alba, J., Moran, M., & Carrillo, L. (1997). Survey of condom-related beliefs, behaviors, and perceived social norms in Mexican migrant laborers. Journal of Community Health, 22, 185–198.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Pelto, P. J., & Pelto, G. H. (1970). Anthropological research: The structure of inquiry (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pelto, P. J., & Pelto, G. H. (1970). Anthropological research: The structure of inquiry (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Pickering, H., Todd, J., Dunn, D., Pepin, J., & Wilkins, A. (1992). Prostitutes and their clients: A Gambian survey. Social Science and Medicine, 34, 75–88.PubMedCrossRef Pickering, H., Todd, J., Dunn, D., Pepin, J., & Wilkins, A. (1992). Prostitutes and their clients: A Gambian survey. Social Science and Medicine, 34, 75–88.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Salabarría-Peña, Y., Lee, J. W., Montgomery, S. B., Hopp, H. W., & Muralles, A. A. (2003). Determinants of female and male condom use among immigrant women of Central American descent. AIDS and Behavior, 7, 163–174.PubMedCrossRef Salabarría-Peña, Y., Lee, J. W., Montgomery, S. B., Hopp, H. W., & Muralles, A. A. (2003). Determinants of female and male condom use among immigrant women of Central American descent. AIDS and Behavior, 7, 163–174.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sheeran, P. (2002). Intention-behavior relations: A conceptual and empirical review. European Review of Social Psychology, 12, 1–36.CrossRef Sheeran, P. (2002). Intention-behavior relations: A conceptual and empirical review. European Review of Social Psychology, 12, 1–36.CrossRef
go back to reference Simbayi, L. C., Kalichman, S. C., Skinner, D., Jooste, S., Cain, D., Cherry, C., et al. (2004). Theory-based HIV risk reduction counseling for sexually transmitted infection clinic patients in Cape Town, South Africa. Sexually transmitted diseases, 31, 727–733.PubMedCrossRef Simbayi, L. C., Kalichman, S. C., Skinner, D., Jooste, S., Cain, D., Cherry, C., et al. (2004). Theory-based HIV risk reduction counseling for sexually transmitted infection clinic patients in Cape Town, South Africa. Sexually transmitted diseases, 31, 727–733.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Triandis, H. C. (1980). Values, attitudes and interpersonal behavior. In M. M. Page (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation. Beliefs, attitudes and values (Vol. 1, pp. 195–259). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. Triandis, H. C. (1980). Values, attitudes and interpersonal behavior. In M. M. Page (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation. Beliefs, attitudes and values (Vol. 1, pp. 195–259). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
go back to reference UNAIDS/WHO. (2003). AIDS epidemic update: 2003. Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO. UNAIDS/WHO. (2003). AIDS epidemic update: 2003. Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO.
go back to reference UNAIDS/WHO. (2004). AIDS epidemic update: 2004. Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO. UNAIDS/WHO. (2004). AIDS epidemic update: 2004. Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO.
go back to reference UNAIDS/WHO. (2005). AIDS epidemic update: 2005. Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO. UNAIDS/WHO. (2005). AIDS epidemic update: 2005. Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO.
go back to reference Verplanken, B. (2005). Habits and implementation intentions. In J. Kerr, R. Weitkunat, & M. Moretti (Eds.), The ABC of behavioural change (pp. 99–109). Oxford, UK: Elsevier Science. Verplanken, B. (2005). Habits and implementation intentions. In J. Kerr, R. Weitkunat, & M. Moretti (Eds.), The ABC of behavioural change (pp. 99–109). Oxford, UK: Elsevier Science.
go back to reference Wiggers, L. C. W., de Wit, J. B. F., Gras, M. J., Coutinho, R. A., & van den Hoek, A. (2003). Risk behavior and social-cognitive determinants of condom use among ethnic minority communities in Amsterdam. AIDS Education and Prevention, 15, 430–447.PubMedCrossRef Wiggers, L. C. W., de Wit, J. B. F., Gras, M. J., Coutinho, R. A., & van den Hoek, A. (2003). Risk behavior and social-cognitive determinants of condom use among ethnic minority communities in Amsterdam. AIDS Education and Prevention, 15, 430–447.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wong, M. L., Archibold, C., Chan, R., Gok, A., & Tan, T. (1994). Condom use negotiation among sex workers in Singapore: Findings from qualitative research. Health Education Research, 9, 57–67.PubMedCrossRef Wong, M. L., Archibold, C., Chan, R., Gok, A., & Tan, T. (1994). Condom use negotiation among sex workers in Singapore: Findings from qualitative research. Health Education Research, 9, 57–67.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wong, M. L., Lubek, I., Dy, B. C., Pen, S., Kros, S., & Chhit, M. (2003). Social and behavioural factors associated with condom use among direct sex workers in Siem Reap, Cambodia. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 79, 163–165.PubMedCrossRef Wong, M. L., Lubek, I., Dy, B. C., Pen, S., Kros, S., & Chhit, M. (2003). Social and behavioural factors associated with condom use among direct sex workers in Siem Reap, Cambodia. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 79, 163–165.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Correlates of Condom Use among Sex Workers and Their Boyfriends in Three West African Countries
Authors
Gaston Godin
Aissatou Tinka Bah
Amadou Sow
Isaac Minani
Diane Morin
Michel Alary
Publication date
01-05-2008
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
AIDS and Behavior / Issue 3/2008
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9296-6

Other articles of this Issue 3/2008

AIDS and Behavior 3/2008 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.