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02-06-2022 | Encephalitis | Review

Molecular pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis and possible therapeutic strategies

Authors: Sanjay Kumar, Akanksha Verma, Pardeep Yadav, Sumit Kumar Dubey, Esam Ibraheem Azhar, S. S. Maitra, Vivek Dhar Dwivedi

Published in: Archives of Virology | Issue 9/2022

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a single-stranded, enveloped RNA virus, is a health concern across Asian countries, associated with severe neurological disorders, especially in children. Primarily, pigs, bats, and birds are the natural hosts for JEV, but humans are infected incidentally. JEV requires a few host proteins for its entry and replication inside the mammalian host cell. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a significant role in JEV genome replication and assembly. During this process, the ER undergoes stress due to its remodelling and accumulation of viral particles and unfolded proteins, leading to an unfolded protein response (UPR). Here, we review the overall strategy used by JEV to infect the host cell and various cytopathic effects caused by JEV infection. We also highlight the role of JEV structural proteins (SPs) and non-structural proteins (NSPs) at various stages of the JEV life cycle that are involved in up- and downregulation of different host proteins and are potentially relevant for developing efficient therapeutic drugs.

Graphical abstract

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Title: Molecular pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis and possible therapeutic strategies
Authors: Sanjay Kumar
Akanksha Verma
Pardeep Yadav
Sumit Kumar Dubey
Esam Ibraheem Azhar
S. S. Maitra
Vivek Dhar Dwivedi
Publication date: 02-06-2022
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Keyword: Encephalitis
Published in: Archives of Virology / Issue 9/2022
Print ISSN: 0304-8608
Electronic ISSN: 1432-8798
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05481-z

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