Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Archives of Virology 9/2012

01-09-2012 | Brief Report

The simian varicella virus ORF A is expressed in infected cells but is non-essential for replication in cell culture

Author: Wayne L. Gray

Published in: Archives of Virology | Issue 9/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

The simian varicella virus (SVV) genome encodes ORF A, a truncated homolog of SVV ORF 4. The SVV ORF A was expressed as a 1.0-kb transcript in SVV-infected Vero cells. The ORF A promoter was active in infected Vero cells and was stimulated by the SVV immediate-early gene ORF 62 product (IE62), a viral transactivator of SVV genes. The SVV ORF A did not transactivate SVV IE, early, or late gene promoters in transfected Vero cells and was unable to augment IE62-mediated transactivation of SVV promoters. A SVV mutant lacking ORF A replicated as efficiently as wild-type SVV in infected Vero cells, indicating that ORF A expression is not essential for in vitro replication.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Ferrin LJ, Camerini-Otero RD (1991) Selective cleavage of human DNA: RecA-assisted restriction endonuclease [RARE] cleavage. Science 254:1494–1497PubMedCrossRef Ferrin LJ, Camerini-Otero RD (1991) Selective cleavage of human DNA: RecA-assisted restriction endonuclease [RARE] cleavage. Science 254:1494–1497PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Gray WL (2004) Simian varicella: a model for human varicella-zoster virus infections. Rev Med Virol 14:363–381PubMedCrossRef Gray WL (2004) Simian varicella: a model for human varicella-zoster virus infections. Rev Med Virol 14:363–381PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Gray WL (2008) Simian varicella in Old World monkeys. Comp Med 58:22–30PubMed Gray WL (2008) Simian varicella in Old World monkeys. Comp Med 58:22–30PubMed
4.
5.
go back to reference Gray WL, Mahalingam R (2005) A cosmid-based system for inserting mutations and foreign genes into the simian varicella virus genome. J Virol Meth 130:89–94CrossRef Gray WL, Mahalingam R (2005) A cosmid-based system for inserting mutations and foreign genes into the simian varicella virus genome. J Virol Meth 130:89–94CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Gray WL, Starnes B, White MW, Mahalingam R (2001) The DNA sequence of the simian varicella virus genome. Virology 284:123–130PubMedCrossRef Gray WL, Starnes B, White MW, Mahalingam R (2001) The DNA sequence of the simian varicella virus genome. Virology 284:123–130PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Mahalingam R, Gilden DH, Wellish M, Pugazhenthi S (2006) Transactivation of the simian varicella virus (SVV) open reading frame (ORF) 21 promoter by SVV ORF 62 is upregulated in neuronal cells but downregulated in non-neuronal cells by SVV ORF 63 protein. Virology 345:244–250PubMedCrossRef Mahalingam R, Gilden DH, Wellish M, Pugazhenthi S (2006) Transactivation of the simian varicella virus (SVV) open reading frame (ORF) 21 promoter by SVV ORF 62 is upregulated in neuronal cells but downregulated in non-neuronal cells by SVV ORF 63 protein. Virology 345:244–250PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Mahalingam R, Smith D, Wellish M, Wolf W, Dueland AN, Cohrs R, Soike K, Gilden D (1991) Simian varicella virus DNA in dorsal root ganglia. Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA 88:2750–2752PubMedCrossRef Mahalingam R, Smith D, Wellish M, Wolf W, Dueland AN, Cohrs R, Soike K, Gilden D (1991) Simian varicella virus DNA in dorsal root ganglia. Proc. Natl Acad Sci USA 88:2750–2752PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Mahalingam R, Traina-Dorge V, Wellish M, Lorino R, Sanford R, Ribka EP, Alleman SJ, Brazeau E, Gilden DH (2007) Simian varicella reactivation in cynomolgus monkeys. Virology 368:50–59PubMedCrossRef Mahalingam R, Traina-Dorge V, Wellish M, Lorino R, Sanford R, Ribka EP, Alleman SJ, Brazeau E, Gilden DH (2007) Simian varicella reactivation in cynomolgus monkeys. Virology 368:50–59PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Mahalingam R, White T, Wellish M, Gilden D, Gray WL (2000) Sequence analysis of the leftward end of simian varicella virus (EcoRI- I fragment) reveals the presence of an 8-bp repeat flanking the unique long segment and an 881-bp open reading frame that is absent in the varicella-zoster virus genome. Virology 274:420–428PubMedCrossRef Mahalingam R, White T, Wellish M, Gilden D, Gray WL (2000) Sequence analysis of the leftward end of simian varicella virus (EcoRI- I fragment) reveals the presence of an 8-bp repeat flanking the unique long segment and an 881-bp open reading frame that is absent in the varicella-zoster virus genome. Virology 274:420–428PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Meyer C, Kerns A, Barron A, Steblow DN, Messaoudi I (2011) Simian varicella virus gene expression during acute and latent infection of rhesus monkeys. J Neurovirol 17:600–612PubMedCrossRef Meyer C, Kerns A, Barron A, Steblow DN, Messaoudi I (2011) Simian varicella virus gene expression during acute and latent infection of rhesus monkeys. J Neurovirol 17:600–612PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Moriuchi H, Moriuchi M, Smith HA, Cohen JI (1994) Varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 4 protein is functionally distinct from and does not complement its herpes simplex virus type 1 homolog, ICP27. J Virol 68:1987–1992PubMed Moriuchi H, Moriuchi M, Smith HA, Cohen JI (1994) Varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 4 protein is functionally distinct from and does not complement its herpes simplex virus type 1 homolog, ICP27. J Virol 68:1987–1992PubMed
13.
go back to reference Moriuchi M, Moriuchi H, Debrus D, Piette J, Cohen JI (1995) The acidic amino-terminal region of varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 4 protein is required for transactivation and can functionally replace the corresponding region of herpes simplex virus ICP27. Virology 208:376–382PubMedCrossRef Moriuchi M, Moriuchi H, Debrus D, Piette J, Cohen JI (1995) The acidic amino-terminal region of varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 4 protein is required for transactivation and can functionally replace the corresponding region of herpes simplex virus ICP27. Virology 208:376–382PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Ou Y, Gray WL (2006) The simian varicella virus gene 28 and 29 promoters share a common USF binding site and are induced by IE62 transactivation. J Gen Virol 87:1501–1508PubMedCrossRef Ou Y, Gray WL (2006) The simian varicella virus gene 28 and 29 promoters share a common USF binding site and are induced by IE62 transactivation. J Gen Virol 87:1501–1508PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Ruyechan WT (2010) Roles of cellular transcription factors in VZV replication. In: Abendroth A, Arvin AM, Moffat JF (eds) Varicella-zoster virus. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 43–65CrossRef Ruyechan WT (2010) Roles of cellular transcription factors in VZV replication. In: Abendroth A, Arvin AM, Moffat JF (eds) Varicella-zoster virus. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 43–65CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Ruyechan WT, Peng H, Yang M, Hay J (2003) Cellular factors and IE62 activation of VZV promoters. J Med Virol 70:S90–S94PubMedCrossRef Ruyechan WT, Peng H, Yang M, Hay J (2003) Cellular factors and IE62 activation of VZV promoters. J Med Virol 70:S90–S94PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Sato H, Pesnicak L, Cohen JI (2002) Varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 2 encodes a membrane phosphoprotein that is dispensable for viral replication and for establishment of latency. J Virol 76:3575–3578PubMedCrossRef Sato H, Pesnicak L, Cohen JI (2002) Varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 2 encodes a membrane phosphoprotein that is dispensable for viral replication and for establishment of latency. J Virol 76:3575–3578PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
The simian varicella virus ORF A is expressed in infected cells but is non-essential for replication in cell culture
Author
Wayne L. Gray
Publication date
01-09-2012
Publisher
Springer Vienna
Published in
Archives of Virology / Issue 9/2012
Print ISSN: 0304-8608
Electronic ISSN: 1432-8798
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1367-y

Other articles of this Issue 9/2012

Archives of Virology 9/2012 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine