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01-11-2012 | Review

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of macrophage survival in atherosclerosis

Authors: Wim Martinet, Dorien M. Schrijvers, Guido R. Y. De Meyer

Published in: Basic Research in Cardiology | Issue 6/2012

Abstract

Macrophages play a key role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Although a significant number of macrophages undergoes cell death during plaque development as a result of atherogenic stressors, advanced plaques are characterized by a large macrophage content. Macrophage accumulation is mediated by continuous recruitment of monocytes, reduced emigration of macrophages and poor phagocytosis of dead cells which may trigger secondary necrosis and amplification of plaque inflammation. Moreover, an increasing body of evidence indicates that macrophages have developed several strategies to survive and to proliferate in the adverse environment of an advanced atherosclerotic plaque. Macrophages contain organic molecules or enzymes that provide enhanced antioxidant protection. In addition, synthesis of anti-apoptotic proteins is upregulated and several cellular protection mechanisms such as the unfolded protein response and autophagy are activated in macrophages to promote cellular survival. In this review, we discuss these macrophage survival mechanisms that allow growth and destabilization of advanced atherosclerotic plaques.

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Title: Molecular and cellular mechanisms of macrophage survival in atherosclerosis
Authors: Wim Martinet
Dorien M. Schrijvers
Guido R. Y. De Meyer
Publication date: 01-11-2012
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Basic Research in Cardiology / Issue 6/2012
Print ISSN: 0300-8428
Electronic ISSN: 1435-1803
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00395-012-0297-x

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Molecular and cellular mechanisms of macrophage survival in atherosclerosis

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