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European Radiology
Published in: European Radiology 7/2016

Open Access 01-07-2016 | Urogenital

MRI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging for evaluation of focal irreversible electroporation treatment: results from a phase I-II study in patients undergoing IRE followed by radical prostatectomy

Authors: Willemien van den Bos, D. M. de Bruin, A. van Randen, M. R. W. Engelbrecht, A. W. Postema, B. G. Muller, I. M. Varkarakis, A. Skolarikos, C. D. Savci-Heijink, R. R. Jurhill, P. J. Zondervan, M. P. Laguna Pes, H. Wijkstra, T. M. de Reijke, J. J. M. C. H. de la Rosette

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 7/2016

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Abstract

Objectives

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an ablative therapy with a low side-effect profile in prostate cancer. The objective was: 1) To compare the volumetric IRE ablation zone on grey-scale transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) with histopathology findings; 2) To determine a reliable imaging modality to visualize the IRE ablation effects accurately.

Methods

A prospective phase I-II study was performed in 16 patients scheduled for radical prostatectomy (RP). IRE of the prostate was performed 4 weeks before RP. Prior to, and 4 weeks after the IRE treatment, imaging was performed by TRUS, CEUS, and mpMRI. 3D-analysis of the ablation volumes on imaging and on H&E-stained whole-mount sections was performed. The volumes were compared and the correlation was calculated.

Results

Evaluation of the imaging demonstrated that with T2-weighted MRI, dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI, and CEUS, effects of IRE are visible. T2MRI and CEUS closely match the volumes on histopathology (Pearson correlation r = 0.88 resp. 0.80). However, IRE is not visible with TRUS.

Conclusions

mpMRI and CEUS are appropriate for assessing IRE effects and are the most feasible imaging modalities to visualize IRE ablation zone. The imaging is concordant with results of histopathological examination.

Key points

• mpMRI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound are appropriate imaging modalities for assessing IRE effects
• mpMRI and CEUS are the most feasible imaging modalities to visualize IRE ablation zone
• The imaging is concordant with results of histopathological examination after IRE
• Grey-scale US is insufficient for assessing IRE ablations
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Metadata
Title
MRI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging for evaluation of focal irreversible electroporation treatment: results from a phase I-II study in patients undergoing IRE followed by radical prostatectomy
Authors
Willemien van den Bos
D. M. de Bruin
A. van Randen
M. R. W. Engelbrecht
A. W. Postema
B. G. Muller
I. M. Varkarakis
A. Skolarikos
C. D. Savci-Heijink
R. R. Jurhill
P. J. Zondervan
M. P. Laguna Pes
H. Wijkstra
T. M. de Reijke
J. J. M. C. H. de la Rosette
Publication date
01-07-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 7/2016
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-015-4042-3

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