Published in:
01-09-2003 | Original Article
Matrix proteins
Published in: Osteoporosis International | Special Issue 5/2003
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In the last 20 years, researchers have identified a number of matrix proteins and proteoglycans that may play a role in skeletal dynamics. Early studies focused on these proteins as controlling the nucleation or deposition of mineral. Yet many are now thought to be involved in bone remodeling, directly or indirectly, by participating in recruitment and attachment of cells to bone. These proteins can be categorized by their structural properties (Table 1). For the purpose of this discussion, we will limit ourselves to those noncollagenous proteins that have been most extensively studied in regard to bone physiology, and in which the skeletal phenotype has been evaluated in genetically altered mice.
Table 1.
Categories of the major organic constituents of bone (MEPE=matrix extracellular protein)
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Proteoglycans
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Large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans
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Aggrecan, versican
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Small leucine-rich proteoglycans
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Decorin, biglycan, osteoglycan, fibromodulin, osteoadherin
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Glycosaminoglycans
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Hyaluronan
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Glycoproteins
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Osteonectin
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Growth factors
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Small integrin-binding ligands with N-linked glycosylation (SIBLINGS)
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Osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, dentin sialoprotein, MEPE
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Vitamin K-dependent proteins
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Osteocalcin, matrix Gla protein, Gas-6
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Serum proteins
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Albumin, fetuin
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