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Diabetologia
Published in: Diabetologia 10/2006

01-10-2006 | Article

Improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity after lifestyle intervention are related to changes in serum fatty acid profile and desaturase activities: the SLIM study

Authors: E. Corpeleijn, E. J. M. Feskens, E. H. J. M. Jansen, M. Mensink, W. H. M. Saris, T. W. A. de Bruin, E. E. Blaak

Published in: Diabetologia | Issue 10/2006

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

The aim of this study was to investigate whether lifestyle intervention-induced changes in serum fatty acid profile of cholesteryl esters and estimated desaturase activities are related to improvements in insulin sensitivity in subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods

In the Study on Lifestyle Intervention and Impaired Glucose Tolerance Maastricht (SLIM), 97 men and women with IGT were randomised to a combined diet and exercise programme (47 intervention) or a control group (50 control subjects). At baseline and after 1 year the following assessments were made: an OGTT, an exercise test to determine maximal aerobic capacity, anthropometry, and analysis of the serum fatty acid profile of cholesteryl esters.

Results

The lifestyle programme was effective in reducing the intake of total and saturated fat, increasing physical activity, reducing obesity and improving insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Regression analysis of the total population showed that an increase in the C20:4 n-6/C20:3 n-6 ratio (estimated Δ5-desaturase activity) and reductions in the C18:3 n-6/C18:2 n-6 ratio (estimated Δ6-desaturase activity) and the C16:1 n-7/C16:0 ratio (estimated Δ9-desaturase activity or stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1) were significantly associated with a decrease in homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance. After adjustment for lifestyle changes (change in percentage body fat, aerobic capacity and saturated fat intake), these associations were partly reduced, but remained statistically significant.

Conclusions/interpretation

Lifestyle-induced changes in fatty acid profile of cholesteryl esters and desaturase activities were independently related to changes in insulin sensitivity in subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes.
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Metadata
Title
Improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity after lifestyle intervention are related to changes in serum fatty acid profile and desaturase activities: the SLIM study
Authors
E. Corpeleijn
E. J. M. Feskens
E. H. J. M. Jansen
M. Mensink
W. H. M. Saris
T. W. A. de Bruin
E. E. Blaak
Publication date
01-10-2006
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Diabetologia / Issue 10/2006
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-006-0383-4

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