Top

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery

Published in:

11-12-2023 | Lichen Planus | Original Article

Histologic and Histomorphometric Comparative Study of Oral Lichen Planus Versus Oral Lichenoid Reaction

Authors: Narges Ghazi, Nasrollah Saghravanian, Majid Mirhashemi, Hamidreza Shahabi

Published in: Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery | Issue 2/2024

Abstract

Aim

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disease classified as an oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) and increased transformation risk to oral cancer. Oral lichenoid reactions (OLRs) share the clinical manifestations of OLP. This study aimed to determine histomorphometric changes in OLPs and OLRs in comparison to the healthy control, which helps to plan for the establishment of diagnostic criteria.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted on a total of 75 tissue-embedded paraffin-block samples, including OLPs (n = 25), OLR cases (n = 25), and healthy control individuals (n = 25). The study groups were compared by chi-squared, Fisher’s exact, and one-way ANOVA tests. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Comparison of the nuclear area and cellular area showed a statistically significant difference between study groups in basal and parabasal layer (P < 0.05). Comparison of the nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio showed a statistically significant difference between study groups in basal (P < 0.05) but not in the parabasal region (P = 0.681).

Conclusion

We showed a significant difference in the nuclear and cellular area, nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio between OLPs and OLRs, and healthy controls, but there was no statistically significant difference between OLPs and OLRs. Thus, these parameters cannot be applied to differentiate diagnoses between OLPs and OLRs.

González-Moles M, Ramos-García P (2022) Oral lichen planus and related lesions. What should we accept based on the available evidence? Oral dis. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.14438

González-Moles M, Ramos-García P, Warnakulasuriya S (2021) An appraisal of highest quality studies reporting malignant transformation of oral lichen planus based on a systematic review. Oral Dis 27:1908–1918. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.13741CrossRefPubMed

Giuliani M, Troiano G, Cordaro M, Corsalini M, Gioco G, Lo Muzio L et al (2019) Rate of malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: a systematic review. Oral Dis 25:693–709. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12885CrossRefPubMed

González-Moles M, Ruiz-Ávila I, González-Ruiz L, Ayén Á, Gil-Montoya JA, Ramos-García P (2019) Malignant transformation risk of oral lichen planus: a systematic review and comprehensive meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 96:121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.07.012CrossRefPubMed

de Lanna CA, da Silva BNM, de Melo AC, Bonamino MH, Alves LDB, Ribeiro Pinto LF et al (2021) Oral Lichen Planus and its relation with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: new insights into the potential for malignant transformation. bioRxiv:2021.2010. 2029.466364

Badwelan M, Muaddi H, Ahmed A, Lee KT, Tran SD (2023) Oral squamous cell carcinoma and Concomitant Primary Tumors, what do we know? A review of the literature. Curr Oncol 30:3721–3734. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30040283CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

González-Moles M, Warnakulasuriya S, González-Ruiz I, González-Ruiz L, Ayén Á, Lenouvel D et al (2020) Clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinomas arising in patients with oral lichen planus: a systematic review and a comprehensive meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 106:104688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104688CrossRefPubMed

Raj G, Raj M (2023) Oral Lichen Planus. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL) ineligible companies. Disclosure: Mary Raj declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.: StatPearls Publishing Copyright © 2023. StatPearls Publishing LLC.

Lodi G, Scully C, Carrozzo M, Griffiths M, Sugerman PB, Thongprasom K (2005) Current controversies in oral lichen planus: report of an international consensus meeting. Part 2. Clinical management and malignant transformation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 100:164–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.06.076CrossRefPubMed

10.

Kamath VV, Setlur K, Yerlagudda K (2015) Oral lichenoid lesions - a review and update. Indian J Dermatol 60:102doi. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.147830CrossRef

11.

Karthikeson P, Kumar VJ (2020) Oral Lichen Planus-A Review. J Pharm Sci Res 12:196–198

12.

Saghafi Khadem S, Mirhashemi SM, Saeidi Robat M (2021) Evaluation of Cyclooxygenase-2 in oral Lichen Planus using immunohistochemistry. J Mashhad Dent School 45:12–21

13.

Chiang CP, Yu-Fong Chang J, Wang YP, Wu YH, Lu SY, Sun A (2018) Oral lichen Planus - Differential diagnoses, serum autoantibodies, hematinic deficiencies, and management. J Formos Med Assoc 117:756–765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2018.01.021CrossRefPubMed

14.

Bariş E, Sengüven B, Tüzüner T, Gültekin S (2014) Oral lichenoid lesions related to Drugs: review of clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis. Eur J Inflamm 12:217–225CrossRef

15.

Müller S (2017) Oral lichenoid lesions: distinguishing the benign from the deadly. Mod Pathol 30:S54–s67. https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2016.121CrossRefPubMed

16.

Babji DV, Kale AD, Hallikerimath SR, Kotrashetti VS (2015) Histomorphometric study to compare histological changes between oral squamous cell carcinoma and apparently normal adjacent oral mucosa. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 67:21–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-014-0730-6CrossRefPubMed

17.

Pereira NDS, Pinheiro TN (2019) Histomorphometric Comparative Analysis between oral dysplastic potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Dent 13:1–4. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688734CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

18.

Venkatesiah SS, Kale AD, Hallikeremath SR, Kotrashetti VS (2013) Histomorphometric analysis of nuclear and cellular volumetric alterations in oral lichen planus, lichenoid lesions and normal oral mucosa using image analysis software. Indian J Dent Res 24:277. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-9290.116678CrossRefPubMed

19.

Reddy DS, Sivapathasundharam B, Saraswathi TR, SriRam G (2012) Evaluation of mast cells, eosinophils, blood capillaries in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid mucositis. Indian J Dent Res 23:695–696. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-9290.107422CrossRefPubMed

20.

Lavaee F, Nazhvani AD, Razavi N (2018) Cytomorphometric analysis of exfoliated cells in patients with oral lichen planus. Comp Clin Pathol 27:1073–1077CrossRef

21.

Teja CSM, Devy ASM, Nirmal RMM, Sunil PMMP, Deepasree MM (2014) Cytomorphometric analysis of exfoliated cells in oral lichen planus. Cytojournal 11:3. https://doi.org/10.4103/1742-6413.127214CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Lodolo M, Gobbo M, Bussani R, Torelli L, Rupel K, Ottaviani G et al (2023) Histopathology of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions: an exploratory cross-sectional study. Oral Dis 29:1259–1268. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.14112CrossRefPubMed

23.

Aravind T, Janardhanan M, Suresh R, Savithri V, Mohan M (2021) Histopathologic evaluation of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid reaction: a comparative analysis based on basement membrane thickness and the distribution of mast cells. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 25:549–550. https://doi.org/10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_220_20CrossRefPubMed

Title: Histologic and Histomorphometric Comparative Study of Oral Lichen Planus Versus Oral Lichenoid Reaction
Authors: Narges Ghazi
Nasrollah Saghravanian
Majid Mirhashemi
Hamidreza Shahabi
Publication date: 11-12-2023
Publisher: Springer India
Keyword: Lichen Planus
Published in: Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery / Issue 2/2024
Print ISSN: 2231-3796
Electronic ISSN: 0973-7707
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-023-04411-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Histologic and Histomorphometric Comparative Study of Oral Lichen Planus Versus Oral Lichenoid Reaction

Abstract

Aim

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Aim

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 2/2024

Exploring the OTITIS Research Landscape Through a Scientometric Approach

Knowledge and Attitudes of Parents and Caregivers in New Delhi to Childhood Hearing Loss and Hearing Services

Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma: A rare Presentation in the Hypopharynx

Voice Restoration after Traumatic Subglottic Tracheal Stenosis

Varying Course of External Branch of Superior Laryngeal Nerve (EBSLN) and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) in Thyroidectomy—An Observational Study

Prevalence of Occupational Voice Disorder Among Teachers of Kathmandu District, Nepal