Primary plasma cell leukaemia in a 20-year young adult male: a rare presentation

Excerpt

Primary plasma cell leukaemia (pPCL) is a rare and aggressive variant of plasma cell neoplasm and its diagnosis is based upon the percentage (≥ 20%) and absolute number (≥ 2 × 10⁹/L) of circulating plasma cells in the peripheral blood [1]. It accounts for about 2–4% of all plasma cell dyscrasias and the median age of presentation is 55 years, a decade younger than the average age of presentation of the other plasma cell neoplasms. In young adults, it is even rarer and only a few isolated case reports have been published to date [2‐5]. We report an exceptionally rare and an unusual presentation of pPCL in a 20-year-old male from India. He had typical symptoms of the disease like peripheral blood plasmacytosis, thrombocytopenia and renal failure with no evidence of any osteolytic lesions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pPCL in a 20-year-old male to be reported from India. …