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Intensive Care Medicine

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01-05-2020 | Original

Intraosseous versus intravenous administration of adrenaline in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a secondary analysis of the PARAMEDIC2 placebo-controlled trial

Authors: Jerry P. Nolan, Charles D. Deakin, Chen Ji, Simon Gates, Andy Rosser, Ranjit Lall, Gavin D. Perkins

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 5/2020

Abstract

Purpose

To compare the effectiveness of the intravenous (IV) and intraosseous (IO) routes for drug administration in adults with a cardiac arrest enrolled in the Pre-Hospital Assessment of the Role of Adrenaline: Measuring the Effectiveness of Drug Administration in Cardiac Arrest (PARAMEDIC2) randomised, controlled trial.

Methods

Patients were recruited from five National Health Service Ambulance Services in England and Wales from December 2014 through October 2017. Patients with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who were unresponsive to initial resuscitation attempts were randomly assigned to 1 mg adrenaline or matching placebo. Intravascular access was established as soon as possible, and IO access was considered if IV access was not possible after two attempts.

Results

Among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 3631 received adrenaline and 3686 received placebo. Amongst these, 1116 (30.1%) and 1121 (30.4%) received the study drug via the IO route. The odds ratios were similar in the IV and IO groups for return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) at hospital handover [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.07 (95% CI 3.42–4.85) and (aOR 3.98 (95% CI 2.86–5.53), P value for interaction 0.90]; survival to 30 days [aOR 1.67 (1.18–2.35) versus 0.9 (0.4–2.05), P = 0.18]; and favourable neurological outcome [aOR 1.39 (0.93–2.06) versus 0.62 (0.23–1.67), P = 0.14].

Conclusion

There was no significant difference in treatment effect (adrenaline versus placebo) on ROSC at hospital handover between drugs administered by the intraosseous route or by the intravenous route. We could not detect any difference in the treatment effect between the IV and IO routes on the longer term outcomes of 30-day survival or favourable neurological outcome at discharge (ISRCTN73485024).

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Title: Intraosseous versus intravenous administration of adrenaline in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a secondary analysis of the PARAMEDIC2 placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Jerry P. Nolan
Charles D. Deakin
Chen Ji
Simon Gates
Andy Rosser
Ranjit Lall
Gavin D. Perkins
Publication date: 01-05-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 5/2020
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-019-05920-7

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Intraosseous versus intravenous administration of adrenaline in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a secondary analysis of the PARAMEDIC2 placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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