Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Interferon | Research

The prognostic and clinical significance of IFI44L aberrant downregulation in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Authors: Deming Ou, Ying Wu

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

It is a basic task in high-throughput gene expression profiling studies to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two phenotypes. RankComp, an algorithm, could analyze the highly stable within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) of gene pairs in a particular type of human normal tissue that are widely reversed in the cancer condition, thereby detecting DEGs for individual disease samples measured by a particular platform.

Methods

In the present study, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Series (GSE) GSE75540, GSE138206 were downloaded from GEO, by analyzing DEGs in oral squamous cell carcinoma based on online datasets using the RankComp algorithm, using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis to survival analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to explore the potential molecular mechanisms underlying.

Results

We identified 6 reverse gene pairs with stable REOs. All the 12 genes in these 6 reverse gene pairs have been reported to be associated with cancers. Notably, lower Interferon Induced Protein 44 Like (IFI44L) expression was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) and Disease-free survival (DFS) in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, and IFI44L expression showed satisfactory predictive efficiency by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Moreover, low IFI44L expression was identified as risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma patients’ OS. IFI44L downregulation would lead to the activation of the FRS-mediated FGFR1, FGFR3, and downstream signaling pathways, and might play a role in the PI3K-FGFR cascades.

Conclusions

Collectively, we identified 6 reverse gene pairs with stable REOs in oral squamous cell carcinoma, which might serve as gene signatures playing a role in the diagnosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, high expression of IFI44L, one of the DEGs in the 6 reverse gene pairs, might be associated with favorable prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and serve as a tumor suppressor by acting on the FRS-mediated FGFR signaling.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Lala M, et al. Clinical outcomes with therapies for previously treated recurrent/metastatic head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC): a systematic literature review. Oral Oncol. 2018;84:108–20.PubMedCrossRef Lala M, et al. Clinical outcomes with therapies for previously treated recurrent/metastatic head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC): a systematic literature review. Oral Oncol. 2018;84:108–20.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Chi AC, Day TA, Neville BW. Oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma--an update. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(5):401–21.PubMedCrossRef Chi AC, Day TA, Neville BW. Oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma--an update. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65(5):401–21.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Sasahira T, Kirita T. Hallmarks of cancer-related newly prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2018:19(8). Sasahira T, Kirita T. Hallmarks of cancer-related newly prognostic factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2018:19(8).
4.
go back to reference Tota JE, et al. Rising incidence of oral tongue cancer among white men and women in the United States, 1973-2012. Oral Oncol. 2017;67:146–52.PubMedCrossRef Tota JE, et al. Rising incidence of oral tongue cancer among white men and women in the United States, 1973-2012. Oral Oncol. 2017;67:146–52.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Moore SR, et al. The epidemiology of tongue cancer: a review of global incidence. Oral Dis. 2000;6(2):75–84.PubMedCrossRef Moore SR, et al. The epidemiology of tongue cancer: a review of global incidence. Oral Dis. 2000;6(2):75–84.PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Hussein AA, et al. Global incidence of oral and oropharynx cancer in patients younger than 45 years versus older patients: a systematic review. Eur J Cancer. 2017;82:115–27.PubMedCrossRef Hussein AA, et al. Global incidence of oral and oropharynx cancer in patients younger than 45 years versus older patients: a systematic review. Eur J Cancer. 2017;82:115–27.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Brenner H. Long-term survival rates of cancer patients achieved by the end of the 20th century: a period analysis. Lancet. 2002;360(9340):1131–5.PubMedCrossRef Brenner H. Long-term survival rates of cancer patients achieved by the end of the 20th century: a period analysis. Lancet. 2002;360(9340):1131–5.PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Shiboski CH, Schmidt BL, Jordan RC. Tongue and tonsil carcinoma: increasing trends in the U.S. population ages 20-44 years. Cancer. 2005;103(9):1843–9.PubMedCrossRef Shiboski CH, Schmidt BL, Jordan RC. Tongue and tonsil carcinoma: increasing trends in the U.S. population ages 20-44 years. Cancer. 2005;103(9):1843–9.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Almangush A, et al. Prognostic biomarkers for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2017;117(6):856–66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Almangush A, et al. Prognostic biomarkers for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2017;117(6):856–66.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Hussein AA, et al. A review of the most promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2018;119(6):724–36.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Hussein AA, et al. A review of the most promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2018;119(6):724–36.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Barrett T, et al. NCBI GEO: archive for functional genomics data sets--update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013;41(Database issue):D991–5.PubMed Barrett T, et al. NCBI GEO: archive for functional genomics data sets--update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013;41(Database issue):D991–5.PubMed
12.
go back to reference Parkinson H, et al. ArrayExpress--a public database of microarray experiments and gene expression profiles. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35(Database issue):D747–50.PubMedCrossRef Parkinson H, et al. ArrayExpress--a public database of microarray experiments and gene expression profiles. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007;35(Database issue):D747–50.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Leek JT, et al. Tackling the widespread and critical impact of batch effects in high-throughput data. Nat Rev Genet. 2010;11(10):733–9.PubMedCrossRef Leek JT, et al. Tackling the widespread and critical impact of batch effects in high-throughput data. Nat Rev Genet. 2010;11(10):733–9.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Nygaard V, Rodland EA, Hovig E. Methods that remove batch effects while retaining group differences may lead to exaggerated confidence in downstream analyses. Biostatistics. 2016;17(1):29–39.PubMedCrossRef Nygaard V, Rodland EA, Hovig E. Methods that remove batch effects while retaining group differences may lead to exaggerated confidence in downstream analyses. Biostatistics. 2016;17(1):29–39.PubMedCrossRef
15.
16.
go back to reference Johnson WE, Li C, Rabinovic A. Adjusting batch effects in microarray expression data using empirical Bayes methods. Biostatistics. 2007;8(1):118–27.PubMedCrossRef Johnson WE, Li C, Rabinovic A. Adjusting batch effects in microarray expression data using empirical Bayes methods. Biostatistics. 2007;8(1):118–27.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Rhodes DR, et al. Meta-analysis of microarrays: interstudy validation of gene expression profiles reveals pathway dysregulation in prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2002;62(15):4427–33.PubMed Rhodes DR, et al. Meta-analysis of microarrays: interstudy validation of gene expression profiles reveals pathway dysregulation in prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2002;62(15):4427–33.PubMed
18.
go back to reference Hu P, Greenwood CM, Beyene J. Integrative analysis of multiple gene expression profiles with quality-adjusted effect size models. BMC Bioinformatics. 2005;6:128.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Hu P, Greenwood CM, Beyene J. Integrative analysis of multiple gene expression profiles with quality-adjusted effect size models. BMC Bioinformatics. 2005;6:128.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Choi JK, et al. Combining multiple microarray studies and modeling interstudy variation. Bioinformatics. 2003;19(Suppl 1):i84–90.PubMedCrossRef Choi JK, et al. Combining multiple microarray studies and modeling interstudy variation. Bioinformatics. 2003;19(Suppl 1):i84–90.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Hong F, et al. RankProd: a bioconductor package for detecting differentially expressed genes in meta-analysis. Bioinformatics. 2006;22(22):2825–7.PubMedCrossRef Hong F, et al. RankProd: a bioconductor package for detecting differentially expressed genes in meta-analysis. Bioinformatics. 2006;22(22):2825–7.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Zintzaras E, Ioannidis JP. Meta-analysis for ranked discovery datasets: theoretical framework and empirical demonstration for microarrays. Comput Biol Chem. 2008;32(1):38–46.PubMedCrossRef Zintzaras E, Ioannidis JP. Meta-analysis for ranked discovery datasets: theoretical framework and empirical demonstration for microarrays. Comput Biol Chem. 2008;32(1):38–46.PubMedCrossRef
22.
23.
25.
26.
27.
go back to reference Li B, et al. Bayesian inference with historical data-based informative priors improves detection of differentially expressed genes. Bioinformatics. 2016;32(5):682–9.PubMedCrossRef Li B, et al. Bayesian inference with historical data-based informative priors improves detection of differentially expressed genes. Bioinformatics. 2016;32(5):682–9.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Wang D, et al. Extensive up-regulation of gene expression in cancer: the normalised use of microarray data. Mol BioSyst. 2012;8(3):818–27.PubMedCrossRef Wang D, et al. Extensive up-regulation of gene expression in cancer: the normalised use of microarray data. Mol BioSyst. 2012;8(3):818–27.PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Lazar C, et al. Batch effect removal methods for microarray gene expression data integration: a survey. Brief Bioinform. 2013;14(4):469–90.PubMedCrossRef Lazar C, et al. Batch effect removal methods for microarray gene expression data integration: a survey. Brief Bioinform. 2013;14(4):469–90.PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference Guan Q, et al. Differential expression analysis for individual cancer samples based on robust within-sample relative gene expression orderings across multiple profiling platforms. Oncotarget. 2016;7(42):68909–20.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Guan Q, et al. Differential expression analysis for individual cancer samples based on robust within-sample relative gene expression orderings across multiple profiling platforms. Oncotarget. 2016;7(42):68909–20.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Cai H, et al. A qualitative transcriptional signature to reclassify estrogen receptor status of breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;170(2):271–7.PubMedCrossRef Cai H, et al. A qualitative transcriptional signature to reclassify estrogen receptor status of breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2018;170(2):271–7.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Hu G, et al. Identification of potential key genes associated with osteosarcoma based on integrated bioinformatics analyses. J Cell Biochem. 2019;120(8):13554–61.PubMedCrossRef Hu G, et al. Identification of potential key genes associated with osteosarcoma based on integrated bioinformatics analyses. J Cell Biochem. 2019;120(8):13554–61.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Geman, D., et al. Classifying gene expression profiles from pairwise mRNA comparisons. Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol, 2004. 3: p. Article19. Geman, D., et al. Classifying gene expression profiles from pairwise mRNA comparisons. Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol, 2004. 3: p. Article19.
35.
go back to reference Subramanian A, et al. Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102(43):15545–50.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Subramanian A, et al. Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102(43):15545–50.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Mootha VK, et al. PGC-1alpha-responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately downregulated in human diabetes. Nat Genet. 2003;34(3):267–73.PubMedCrossRef Mootha VK, et al. PGC-1alpha-responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately downregulated in human diabetes. Nat Genet. 2003;34(3):267–73.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Zhang FP, et al. Construction of a risk score prognosis model based on hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment. World J Gastroenterol. 2020;26(2):134–53.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Zhang FP, et al. Construction of a risk score prognosis model based on hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment. World J Gastroenterol. 2020;26(2):134–53.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Laszlo GS, et al. Multimerin-1 (MMRN1) as novel adverse marker in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Children's oncology group. Clin Cancer Res. 2015;21(14):3187–95.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Laszlo GS, et al. Multimerin-1 (MMRN1) as novel adverse marker in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Children's oncology group. Clin Cancer Res. 2015;21(14):3187–95.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Huang, H., Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a Cancer Biomarker and MMP-9 Biosensors: Recent Advances. Sensors (Basel), 2018. 18(10). Huang, H., Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a Cancer Biomarker and MMP-9 Biosensors: Recent Advances. Sensors (Basel), 2018. 18(10).
40.
41.
go back to reference Wang Y, et al. Upregulated LAMB3 increases proliferation and metastasis in thyroid cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 2018;11:37–46.PubMedCrossRef Wang Y, et al. Upregulated LAMB3 increases proliferation and metastasis in thyroid cancer. Onco Targets Ther. 2018;11:37–46.PubMedCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Laroussi N, et al. Identification of a novel mutation of LAMB3 gene in a Lybian patient with hereditary epidermolysis bullosa by whole exome sequencing. Ann Dermatol. 2017;29(2):243–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Laroussi N, et al. Identification of a novel mutation of LAMB3 gene in a Lybian patient with hereditary epidermolysis bullosa by whole exome sequencing. Ann Dermatol. 2017;29(2):243–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Hou J, Wang L, Wu D. The root of Actinidia chinensis inhibits hepatocellular carcinomas cells through LAMB3. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2018;34(4):321–32.PubMedCrossRef Hou J, Wang L, Wu D. The root of Actinidia chinensis inhibits hepatocellular carcinomas cells through LAMB3. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2018;34(4):321–32.PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Wang Q, et al. Tamoxifen enhances stemness and promotes metastasis of ERalpha36(+) breast cancer by upregulating ALDH1A1 in cancer cells. Cell Res. 2018;28(3):336–58.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Wang Q, et al. Tamoxifen enhances stemness and promotes metastasis of ERalpha36(+) breast cancer by upregulating ALDH1A1 in cancer cells. Cell Res. 2018;28(3):336–58.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Ciccone V, et al. Stemness marker ALDH1A1 promotes tumor angiogenesis via retinoic acid/HIF-1alpha/VEGF signalling in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018;37(1):311.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ciccone V, et al. Stemness marker ALDH1A1 promotes tumor angiogenesis via retinoic acid/HIF-1alpha/VEGF signalling in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2018;37(1):311.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Xu JS, et al. Combining bioinformatics techniques to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis and prognosis. J Cell Mol Med. 2020. Xu JS, et al. Combining bioinformatics techniques to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis and prognosis. J Cell Mol Med. 2020.
47.
go back to reference Masaoka H, et al. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) polymorphisms exacerbate bladder cancer risk associated with alcohol drinking: gene-environment interaction. Carcinogenesis. 2016;37(6):583–8.PubMedCrossRef Masaoka H, et al. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) polymorphisms exacerbate bladder cancer risk associated with alcohol drinking: gene-environment interaction. Carcinogenesis. 2016;37(6):583–8.PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Ishioka K, et al. Association between ALDH2 and ADH1B polymorphisms, alcohol drinking and gastric cancer: a replication and mediation analysis. Gastric Cancer. 2018;21(6):936–45.PubMedCrossRef Ishioka K, et al. Association between ALDH2 and ADH1B polymorphisms, alcohol drinking and gastric cancer: a replication and mediation analysis. Gastric Cancer. 2018;21(6):936–45.PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Lilla C, et al. Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) genotype, alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk by age 50 years in a German case-control study. Br J Cancer. 2005;92(11):2039–41.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Lilla C, et al. Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B) genotype, alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk by age 50 years in a German case-control study. Br J Cancer. 2005;92(11):2039–41.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Guo J, et al. Clinicopathological significance of orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 expression in gastric cancer. Clin Transl Oncol. 2015;17(10):788–94.PubMedCrossRef Guo J, et al. Clinicopathological significance of orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 expression in gastric cancer. Clin Transl Oncol. 2015;17(10):788–94.PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Han Y, et al. Nuclear orphan receptor NR4A2 confers chemoresistance and predicts unfavorable prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients who received postoperative chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(16):3420–30.PubMedCrossRef Han Y, et al. Nuclear orphan receptor NR4A2 confers chemoresistance and predicts unfavorable prognosis of colorectal carcinoma patients who received postoperative chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(16):3420–30.PubMedCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Wang J, et al. Orphan nuclear receptor nurr1 as a potential novel marker for progression in human prostate cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(3):2023–8.PubMedCrossRef Wang J, et al. Orphan nuclear receptor nurr1 as a potential novel marker for progression in human prostate cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(3):2023–8.PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Inamoto T, et al. 1,1-Bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)methane activates the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 and inhibits bladder cancer growth. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008;7(12):3825–33.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Inamoto T, et al. 1,1-Bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)methane activates the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 and inhibits bladder cancer growth. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008;7(12):3825–33.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Liu J, et al. HOXB2 is a putative tumour promotor in human bladder Cancer. Anticancer Res. 2019;39(12):6915–21.PubMedCrossRef Liu J, et al. HOXB2 is a putative tumour promotor in human bladder Cancer. Anticancer Res. 2019;39(12):6915–21.PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Li, H., et al. miR-4324 functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by targeting HOXB2. J Int Med Res, 2020. 48(3): p. 300060519883731. Li, H., et al. miR-4324 functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer by targeting HOXB2. J Int Med Res, 2020. 48(3): p. 300060519883731.
56.
go back to reference Segara D, et al. Expression of HOXB2, a retinoic acid signaling target in pancreatic cancer and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11(9):3587–96.PubMedCrossRef Segara D, et al. Expression of HOXB2, a retinoic acid signaling target in pancreatic cancer and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11(9):3587–96.PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Qi K, et al. Id4 promotes cisplatin resistance in lung cancer through the p38 MAPK pathway. Anti-Cancer Drugs. 2016;27(10):970–8.PubMedCrossRef Qi K, et al. Id4 promotes cisplatin resistance in lung cancer through the p38 MAPK pathway. Anti-Cancer Drugs. 2016;27(10):970–8.PubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Huang WC, et al. IFI44L is a novel tumor suppressor in human hepatocellular carcinoma affecting cancer stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance via regulating met/Src signaling pathway. BMC Cancer. 2018;18(1):609.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Huang WC, et al. IFI44L is a novel tumor suppressor in human hepatocellular carcinoma affecting cancer stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance via regulating met/Src signaling pathway. BMC Cancer. 2018;18(1):609.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
61.
go back to reference Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology. 1982;143(1):29–36.PubMedCrossRef Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology. 1982;143(1):29–36.PubMedCrossRef
62.
go back to reference Wang H, et al. Individual-level analysis of differential expression of genes and pathways for personalized medicine. Bioinformatics. 2015;31(1):62–8.PubMedCrossRef Wang H, et al. Individual-level analysis of differential expression of genes and pathways for personalized medicine. Bioinformatics. 2015;31(1):62–8.PubMedCrossRef
63.
64.
go back to reference Li H, et al. Integrated expression profiles analysis reveals novel predictive biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget. 2017;8(32):52571–83.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Li H, et al. Integrated expression profiles analysis reveals novel predictive biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget. 2017;8(32):52571–83.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Turner N, Grose R. Fibroblast growth factor signalling: from development to cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2010;10(2):116–29.PubMedCrossRef Turner N, Grose R. Fibroblast growth factor signalling: from development to cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2010;10(2):116–29.PubMedCrossRef
66.
go back to reference Brooks AN, Kilgour E, Smith PD. Molecular pathways: fibroblast growth factor signaling: a new therapeutic opportunity in cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(7):1855–62.PubMedCrossRef Brooks AN, Kilgour E, Smith PD. Molecular pathways: fibroblast growth factor signaling: a new therapeutic opportunity in cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(7):1855–62.PubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Dienstmann R, et al. Genomic aberrations in the FGFR pathway: opportunities for targeted therapies in solid tumors. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(3):552–63.PubMedCrossRef Dienstmann R, et al. Genomic aberrations in the FGFR pathway: opportunities for targeted therapies in solid tumors. Ann Oncol. 2014;25(3):552–63.PubMedCrossRef
68.
go back to reference Dieci MV, et al. Fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors as a cancer treatment: from a biologic rationale to medical perspectives. Cancer Discov. 2013;3(3):264–79.PubMedCrossRef Dieci MV, et al. Fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors as a cancer treatment: from a biologic rationale to medical perspectives. Cancer Discov. 2013;3(3):264–79.PubMedCrossRef
71.
72.
go back to reference Babina IS, Turner NC. Advances and challenges in targeting FGFR signalling in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017;17(5):318–32.PubMedCrossRef Babina IS, Turner NC. Advances and challenges in targeting FGFR signalling in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017;17(5):318–32.PubMedCrossRef
73.
go back to reference Stafford F, et al. Organisation and provision of head and neck cancer surgical services in the United Kingdom: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines. J Laryngol Otol. 2016;130(S2):S5–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Stafford F, et al. Organisation and provision of head and neck cancer surgical services in the United Kingdom: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines. J Laryngol Otol. 2016;130(S2):S5–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
Metadata
Title
The prognostic and clinical significance of IFI44L aberrant downregulation in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors
Deming Ou
Ying Wu
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Interferon
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-09058-y

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

BMC Cancer 1/2021 Go to the issue
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine