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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Inhibitory effect of Curcuma purpurascens BI. rhizome on HT-29 colon cancer cells through mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway

Authors: Elham Rouhollahi, Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi, Mohammadjavad Paydar, Mehran Fadaeinasab, Maryam Zahedifard, Maryam Hajrezaie, Omer Abdalla Ahmed Hamdi, Chung Yeng Looi, Mahmood Ameen Abdulla, Khalijah Awang, Zahurin Mohamed

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Background

Curcuma purpurascens BI. (Zingiberaceae) commonly known as ‘Koneng Tinggang’ and ‘Temu Tis’ is a Javanese medicinal plant which has been used for numerous ailments and diseases in rural Javanese communities. In the present study, the apoptogenic activity of dichloromethane extract of Curcuma purpurascens BI. rhizome (DECPR) was investigated against HT-29 human colon cancer cells.

Methods

Acute toxicity study of DECPR was performed in Sprague–Dawley rats. Compounds of DECPR were analyzed by the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry–time of flight (GC-MS-TOF) analysis. Cytotoxic effect of DECPR on HT-29 cells was analyzed by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Effects of DECPR on reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and mitochondrial-initiated events were investigated using a high content screening system. The activities of the caspases were also measured using a fluorometric assay. The quantitative PCR analysis was carried out to examine the gene expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl proteins.

Results

The in vivo acute toxicity study of DECPR on rats showed the safety of this extract at the highest dose of 5 g/kg. The GC-MS-TOF analysis of DECPR detected turmerone as the major compound in dichloromethane extract. IC50 value of DECPR towards HT-29 cells after 24 h treatment was found to be 7.79 ± 0.54 μg/mL. In addition, DECPR induced LDH release and ROS generation in HT-29 cells through a mechanism involving nuclear fragmentation and cytoskeletal rearrangement. The mitochondrial-initiated events, including collapse in mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome c leakage was also triggered by DECPR treatment. Initiator caspase-9 and executioner caspase-3 was dose-dependently activated by DECPR. The quantitative PCR analysis on the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 family of proteins showed a significant up-regulation of Bax associated with down-regulation in Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl mRNA expression.

Conclusions

The findings presented in the current study showed that DECP suppressed the proliferation of HT-29 colon cancer cells and triggered the induction of apoptosis through mitochondrial-dependent pathway.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Inhibitory effect of Curcuma purpurascens BI. rhizome on HT-29 colon cancer cells through mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway
Authors
Elham Rouhollahi
Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi
Mohammadjavad Paydar
Mehran Fadaeinasab
Maryam Zahedifard
Maryam Hajrezaie
Omer Abdalla Ahmed Hamdi
Chung Yeng Looi
Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
Khalijah Awang
Zahurin Mohamed
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0534-6

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