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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

In vitro anti-proliferative activity of Argemone gracilenta and identification of some active components

Authors: Mario Alberto Leyva-Peralta, Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda, Adriana Garibay-Escobar, Eduardo Ruiz-Bustos, Laura Patricia Alvarez-Berber, Juan Carlos Gálvez-Ruiz

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Background

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Natural products have been regarded as important sources of potential chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we evaluated the anti-proliferative activity of Argemone gracilenta’s methanol extract and its fractions. We identified those compounds of the most active fractions that displayed anti-proliferative activity.

Methods

The anti-proliferative activity on different cancerous cell lines (M12.C3F6, RAW 264.7, HeLa) was evaluated in vitro using the MTT colorimetric method. Identification of the active compounds present in the fractions with the highest activity was achieved by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses.

Results

Both argemonine and berberine alkaloids, isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction, displayed high anti-proliferative activity with IC50 values of 2.8, 2.5, 12.1, and 2.7, 2.4, 79.5 μg/mL on M12.C3F6, RAW 264.7, and HeLa cancerous cell lines, respectively. No activity was shown on the normal L-929 cell line. From the hexane fraction, a mixture of fatty acids and fatty acid esters of 16 or more carbon atoms with anti-proliferative activity was identified, showing a range of IC50 values of 16.8-24.9, 34.1-35.4, and 67.6-91.8 μg/mL on M12.C3F6, RAW 264.7, and HeLa cancerous cell lines, respectively. On the normal L-929 cell line, this mixture showed a range of IC50 values of 85.1 to 100 μg/mL.

Conclusion

This is the first study that relates argemonine, berberine, and a mixture of fatty acids and fatty acid esters with the anti-proliferative activity displayed by Argemone gracilenta.
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Metadata
Title
In vitro anti-proliferative activity of Argemone gracilenta and identification of some active components
Authors
Mario Alberto Leyva-Peralta
Ramón Enrique Robles-Zepeda
Adriana Garibay-Escobar
Eduardo Ruiz-Bustos
Laura Patricia Alvarez-Berber
Juan Carlos Gálvez-Ruiz
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0532-8

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