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BMC Immunology
Published in: BMC Immunology 1/2009

Open Access 01-12-2009 | Research article

Identification in milk of a serum amyloid A peptide chemoattractant for B lymphoblasts

Authors: Berardo de Jesus Rodriguez, Claire Chevaleyre, Gwénaële Henry, Daniel Mollé, Isabelle Virlogeux-Payant, Mustapha Berri, François Boulay, Joëlle Léonil, François Meurens, Henri Salmon

Published in: BMC Immunology | Issue 1/2009

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Abstract

Background

Normal mammary gland contains an extravascular population of B lymphoblasts, precursors of the immunoglobulin plasma cells that play a key role in the passive protection of neonates by secreting immunoglobulins to colostrum and milk. We investigated the presence of chemoattractants in the milk by analysing the chemoattractant activity of various fractions of this secretion. Milk chemoattractants are potentially involved in the recruitment of lymphocytes from the maternal bloodstream in lactating mammary glands.

Results

The dilution-related lymphoid cell chemoattraction of whey was associated with a < 10 kDa ultrafiltrate. Active fractions were purified by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Two peptides of 2.7 kDa (DMREANYKNSDKYFHARGNYDAA) and 1 kDa (RPPGLPDKY) were identified as fragments of the SAA protein family, tentatively identified as SAA2. Only the 2.7 kDa synthetic peptide displayed chemotactic activity, at two different optimal concentrations. At the lower concentration (3.7 nM), it attracted B-cell lymphoblasts, whereas at the higher (3.7 μM), it attracted B lymphocytes. Then, the SAA mRNA expression was analysed and we observed more SAA transcripts during lactation than gestation.

Conclusion

These data are consistent with the SAA23–45 fragment being involved in preplasma B-cell recruitment to the mammary gland and resultant benefit to the neonate.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Identification in milk of a serum amyloid A peptide chemoattractant for B lymphoblasts
Authors
Berardo de Jesus Rodriguez
Claire Chevaleyre
Gwénaële Henry
Daniel Mollé
Isabelle Virlogeux-Payant
Mustapha Berri
François Boulay
Joëlle Léonil
François Meurens
Henri Salmon
Publication date
01-12-2009
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Immunology / Issue 1/2009
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2172
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2172-10-4

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WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

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