Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Infectious Diseases
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Human T-lymphotropic virus 1aA circulation and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections in an Amazon geographic area with lowest human development index (Marajó Island, Northern Brazil)

Authors: Samantha Assis de Aguiar, Samires Avelino de Souza França, Barbara Brasil Santana, Mike Barbosa Santos, Felipe Bonfim Freitas, Glenda Ferreira, Izaura Cayres-Vallinoto, Marluísa O. G. Ishak, Ricardo Ishak, Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of infection with human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in a population from the municipalities of Anajás, Chaves, São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and Portel in the Marajó Archipelago and correlated these data with the epidemiological characteristics of the study population.

Methods

A total of 1899 biological samples were evaluated. The samples were screened for the presence of anti-HTLV antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and infection was confirmed using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR and nucleotide sequencing.

Results

Eleven samples (0.58%) were seropositive for HTLV, but molecular analysis confirmed positivity in only two samples (0.11%). Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two samples positive for HTLV-1 that were isolated in Chaves belonged to the Cosmopolitan subtype 1 (HTLV-1a) and Transcontinental subgroup (A).

Conclusion

Our results confirmed the presence of Cosmopolitan Transcontinental HTLV-1 in the Marajó Archipelago, Amazon region, and the majority of the population revealed a lack of knowledge about sexually transmitted infections, which increases the risk of dissemination of HTLV and other agents.
Literature
1.
ICTV-International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Deltaretrovirus. 2014. Available at: http://​www.​ncbi.​nml.​nih.​gov/​ICTVdb/​index.​ Accessed 19 May 2016.
2.
3.
Poiesz BJ, Ruscetti FW, Gazdar AF, Bunn PA, Minna JD, Gallo RC. Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980;77:7415–9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
Gessain A, Barin F, Vernant JC, Gout O, Maurs L, Calender A, et al. Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Lancet. 1985;2:407–10.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Kalyanaraman VS, Sarngadharan MG, Robert-Guroff M, Miyoshi I, Golde D, Gallo RC. A new subtype of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-II) associated with a T-cell variant of hairy cell leukemia. Science. 1982;218:571–3.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Hall WW, Kubo T, Ijichi S, Takahashi H, Zhu SW. Human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus, type II (HTLV-II): emergence of an important newly recognized pathogen. Semin Virol. 1994;5:165–78.CrossRef
7.
Ishak R, Harrington WJ Jr, Azevedo VN, Eiraku N, Ishak MO, Guerreiro JF, et al. Identification of human T cell lymphotropic virus type IIa infection in the Kayapo, an indigenous population of Brazil. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir. 1995;11:813–21.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Ferreira OC Jr, Planelles V, Rosenblatt JD. Human T-cell leukemia viruses: epidemiology, biology, and pathogenesis. Blood Rev. 1997;11:91–104.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Matsuzaki T, Otose H, Hashimoto K, Shibata Y, Arimura K, Osame M. Diseases among men living in human T-lymphotropic virus type I endemic areas in Japan. Intern Med. 1993;32:623–8.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Dumas M, Houinato D, Verdier M, Zohoun T, Josse R, Bonis J, et al. Seroepidemiology of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I/II in Benin (West Africa). AIDS Res Hum Retrovir. 1991;7:447–51.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Mboudjeka I, Zekeng L, Yamashita M, Takehisa J, Ido E, Miura T, et al. Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of HTLV-I isolates in Cameroon, including those of the Baka pygmy. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1997;88:619–24.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Holmgren B, da Silva Z, Larsen O, Vastrup P, Andersson S, Aaby P. Dual infections with HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-I are more common in older women than in men in Guinea-Bissau. AIDS. 2003;17:241–53.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Gotuzzo E, Arango C, de Queiroz-Campos A, Isturiz RE. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-I in Latin America. Infect Dis Clin N Am. 2000;14:211–39.CrossRef
14.
Gessain A, Fretz C, Koulibaly M, Boudret ML, Bah A, Raphael M, et al. Evidence of HTLV-II infection in Guinea, West Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1993;6:324–5.PubMed
15.
Madeleine MM, Wiktor SZ, Goedert JJ, Manns A, Levine PH, Biggar RJ, et al. HTLV-I and HTLV-II world-wide distribution: reanalysis of 4,832 immunoblot results. Int J Cancer. 1993;54:255–60.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Vallinoto AC, Ishak MO, Azevedo VN, Vicente AC, Otsuki K, Hall WW, et al. Molecular epidemiology of human T-lymphotropic virus type II infection in Amerindian and urban populations of the Amazon region of Brazil. Hum Biol. 2002;74:633–44.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Vallinoto AC, Azevedo VN, Santos DE, Caniceiro S, Mesquita FC, Hall WW, et al. Serological evidence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II coinfections in HIV-1 positive patients in Belem, state of Para, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1998;93:407–9.CrossRefPubMed
18.
19.
Ishak R, Cavalcante F, Vallinoto AC, Azevedo VN, Ishak MO. HTLV-I associated myelopathy in the northern region of Brazil (Belém-Pará): serological and clinical features of three cases. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2002;35:243–6.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Vallinoto AC, Pontes GS, Muto NA, Lopes IG, Machado LF, Azevedo VN, et al. Identification of human T-cell lymphotropic virus infection in a semi-isolated afro-Brazilian quilombo located in the Marajo Island (Para, Brazil). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2006;101:103–5.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Vallinoto AC, Aguiar S, Sá KG, Freitas FB, Ferreira G, Lima SS, et al. Prevalence and risk behaviour for human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection in Marajó Island, northern Brazil. Ann Hum Biol. 2016;43:397–404.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Ayres M, Ayres-Junior M, Ayres D, Santos A. BioEstat 5.3: aplicações estatísticas nas áreas das ciências biológicas e médicas. Belém: Sociedade Civil Mamiraná, Brasília; 2007.
23.
Guroff MR, Nakao Y, Notake K, Ito Y, Sliski A, Gallo RC. Natural antibodies to human retrovirus HTLV in a cluster of Japanese patients with adult T cell leukemia. Science. 1982;215:975–8.CrossRef
24.
Seiki M, Hattori S, Hirayama Y, Yoshida M. Human adult T-cell leukemia virus: complete nucleotide sequence of the provirus genome integrated in leukemia cell DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983;80:3618–22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
25.
26.
Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schaffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, et al. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997;25:3389–402.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
27.
Zhang Z, Schwartz S, Wagner L, Miller W. A greedy algorithm for aligning DNA sequences. J Comput Biol. 2000;7:203–14.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Morgulis A, Coulouris G, Raytselis Y, Madden TL, Agarwala R, Schaffer AA. Database indexing for production MegaBLAST searches. Bioinformatics. 2008;24:1757–64.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
29.
Hall TA. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for windows 95/98/NT. Nucl Acids Symp Ser. 1999;41:95–8.
30.
Ronquist F, Teslenko M, Van Der Mark P, Ayres DL, Querida A, Hõhna S, Iarget B, Liu L, Suchard MA, Huelsenbeck JP. MrBayes 3.2: efficient bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Syst Biol. 2012;3:539–49.CrossRef
31.
32.
33.
34.
Soares BC, ABdFC P, Proietti FA. HTLV-I/II and blood donors: determinants associated with seropositivity in a low risk population. Rev Saúde Públ. 2003;37:470–6.CrossRef
35.
Figueiró-Filho EA, Lopes AHA, Senefonte FRA, Souza Júnior VG, Botelho CA, Duarte G. T-cell leukemia virus infection in pregnant women in a central-western state of Brazil. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27:719–25.
36.
37.
Rego FF, Alcantara LC, Moura Neto JP, Miranda AC, Pereira Ode S, Gonçalves Mde S, et al. HTLV type 1 molecular study in Brazilian villages with African characteristics giving support to the post-Columbian introduction hypothesis. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir. 2008;24:673–7. doi:10.​1089/​aid.​2007.​0290.CrossRefPubMed
38.
39.
Machado LY, Navea LM, Diaz HM, Blanco M, Dubed M, Romay DM, et al. Phylogenetic analysis of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 isolated from Cuban individuals. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir. 2013;29:1168–72. doi:10.​1089/​AID.​2012.​0225.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Magalhães T, Mota-Miranda AC, Alcantara LC, Olavarria V, Galvão-Castro B, Rios-Grassi MF. Phylogenetic and molecular analysis of HTLV-1 isolates from a medium sized town in northern of Brazil: tracing a common origin of the virus from the most endemic city in the country. J Med Virol. 2008;80:2040–5. doi:10.​1002/​jmv.​21278.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Magri MC, Brigido LF, Rodrigues R, Morimoto HK, Ferreira JL, Caterino-de-Araujo A. Phylogenetic and similarity analysis of HTLV-1 isolates from HIV-coinfected patients from the south and southeast regions of Brazil. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir. 2012;28:110–4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
Santos EL, Tamegão-Lopes B, Machado LFA, Ishak Mde O, Ishak R, Lemos JA, et al. Molecular characterization of HTLV-1/2 amond blood donors in Belém, state of Pará: first description of HTLV-2b subtype in the Amazon region. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2009;42:271–6.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Segurado AA, Biasutti C, Zeigler R, Rodrigues C, Damas CD, Jorge ML, et al. Identification of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) subtypes using restricted fragment length polymorphism in a cohort of asymptomatic carriers and patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis from Sao Paulo, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2002;97:329–33.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Laurentino R, Lopes I, Azevedo V, Machado LF, Moreira MR, Lobato L, et al. Molecular characterization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus coinfecting human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected patients in the Amazon region of Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2005;100:371–6.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Vallinoto AC, Muto NA, Pontes GS, Machado LF, Azevedo VN, dos Santos SE, et al. Serological and molecular evidence of HTLV-I infection among Japanese immigrants living in the Amazon region of Brazil. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2004;57:156–9.PubMed
46.
Galvão-Castro B, Alcântara Júnior LC, Grassi MF, Miranda ACAM, Queiroz ATL, Rego FFA, et al. HTLV-I epidemiology and origin in Salvador, state of Bahia: the city with the highest prevalence of this infection in Brazil. Gaz Méd Bahia. 2009;79:3–10.
47.
Kaplan JE, Khabbaz RF, Murphy EL, Hermansen S, Roberts C, Lal R, et al. Male-to-female transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II: association with viral load. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996;12:193–201.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Mota A, Nunes C, Melo A, Romeo M, Boa-Sorte NCA, Dourado I, et al. A case-control study of HTLV-infection among blood donors in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil - associated risk factors and trend towards declining prevalence. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2006;28:120–6.CrossRef
49.
Dourado I, Alcantara LC, Barreto ML, da Gloria Teixeira M, Galvao-Castro B. HTLV-I in the general population of Salvador, Brazil: a city with African ethnic and sociodemographic characteristics. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;34:527–31.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Vallinoto ACR, Carvalho FT, Santos AB, Silva RSU, Ribeiro ES, Cordeiro KM, et al. Occurrence of cross-reactivity to HTLV-1/2 antigens in patients with malaria from an endemic area of the brazilian amazon region. Recent Res Devel Immunology. 2012;8:75–86.
Metadata
Title
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1aA circulation and risk factors for sexually transmitted infections in an Amazon geographic area with lowest human development index (Marajó Island, Northern Brazil)
Authors
Samantha Assis de Aguiar
Samires Avelino de Souza França
Barbara Brasil Santana
Mike Barbosa Santos
Felipe Bonfim Freitas
Glenda Ferreira
Izaura Cayres-Vallinoto
Marluísa O. G. Ishak
Ricardo Ishak
Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2859-x

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2017 Go to the issue

Research article

Vaccine-derived poliovirus surveillance in China during 2001–2013: the potential challenge for maintaining polio free status

Research article

Clinical and microbiologic characteristics of cefotaxime-non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia: a case control study

Research article

Determinants of delayed care seeking for TB suggestive symptoms in Seru district, Oromiya region, Ethiopia: a community based unmatched case-control study

Research article

UK national clinical audit: management of pregnancies in women with HIV

Research article

A meta-analysis of stroke risk following herpes zoster infection

Research article

The impact of community-acquired pneumonia on the health-related quality-of-life in elderly
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch now

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits