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Open Access 01-12-2021 | Human Papillomavirus | Research

Head and neck cancer risk factors in the French West Indies

Authors: Aviane Auguste, Clarisse Joachim, Jacqueline Deloumeaux, Stanie Gaete, Léah Michineau, Cécile Herrmann-Storck, Suzy Duflo, Danièle Luce

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Objectives

The incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the French West Indies (FWI) is relatively high, despite a low prevalence of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking. Little is known about other risk factors in the FWI. We assessed associations between several factors and HNSCC risk, their population attributable fractions (PAF) in the FWI, and compared these PAFs by subsite, sex and age.

Materials and methods

We conducted a population-based case-control study (145 cases and 405 controls). We used logistic regression models to estimate adjusted odds-ratios (OR), PAFs and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, high-risk HPV, family history of HNC, low BMI and several occupations and industries were significantly associated to the occurrence of HNSCC. The majority of HNSCC cases were attributable to tobacco smoking (65.7%) and alcohol (44.3%). The PAF for the combined consumption of tobacco and/or alcohol was 78.2% and was considerably larger in men (85%) than in women (33%). The PAFs for the remaining risk factors were 9% for family history of HNSCC, 9% for low BMI, 15% for high-risk HPV, and 25% for occupations. The overall PAF for all risk factors combined was 89.0% (95% CI = 82.0–93.2). The combined PAFs by sex were significantly greater in men (93.4%, 95% CI = 87.5–96.5) than in women (56.4%, 95% CI = 18.7–76.6).

Conclusion

Tobacco and alcohol appeared to have the greatest impact on HNSCC incidence among the studied risk factors, especially among men. Prevention programs for HNSCC in the FWI should target tobacco and alcohol cessation, particularly in men. Future research should emphasise on the role of occupational factors to better understand this disease.

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Title: Head and neck cancer risk factors in the French West Indies
Authors: Aviane Auguste
Clarisse Joachim
Jacqueline Deloumeaux
Stanie Gaete
Léah Michineau
Cécile Herrmann-Storck
Suzy Duflo
Danièle Luce
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Human Papillomavirus
Published in: BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08787-4

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