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European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology

12-03-2024 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | Original Article

The impact of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive disease status on inpatient complications following total joint arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched analysis

Authors: Neil V. Shah, Matthew J. Lettieri, David Kim, Jack J. Zhou, Nathaniel Pineda, Bassel G. Diebo, Colin Y. L. Woon, Qais Naziri

Published in: European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology

Abstract

Purpose

The number of patients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (AHIV) is increasing as the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy improves. While there is research on operative risks associated with having HIV, there is a lack of literature describing the impact of well-controlled HIV on postoperative complications. This study seeks to elucidate the impact of AHIV on postoperative outcomes after total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasty.

Methods

The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was retrospectively reviewed for patients undergoing TKA and THA from 2005 to 2013. Subjects were subdivided into those with AHIV and those without HIV (non-HIV). Patient demographics, hospital-related parameters, and postoperative complications were all collected. One-to-one propensity score-matching, Chi-square analysis, and multivariate logistical regressions were performed to compare both cohorts.

Results

There were no significant differences between AHIV and non-HIV patients undergoing TKA or THA in terms of sex, age, insurance status, or total costs (all, p ≥ 0.081). AHIV patients had longer lengths of stay (4.0 days) than non-HIV patients after both TKA (3.3 days) and THA (3.1 days) (p ≤ 0.011). Both TKA groups had similar postoperative complication rates (p > 0.081). AHIV patients undergoing THA exhibited an increased rate of overall surgical complications compared non-HIV patients (0 vs. 4.5%, p = 0.043). AHIV was not associated with increased complications following both procedures.

Conclusion

Despite lengthier hospital stays among AHIV patients, baseline AHIV was not associated with adverse outcomes following TKA and THA. This adds to the literature and warrants further research into the impact of asymptomatic, well-controlled HIV infection on postoperative outcomes following total joint arthroplasty.

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Title: The impact of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive disease status on inpatient complications following total joint arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Neil V. Shah
Matthew J. Lettieri
David Kim
Jack J. Zhou
Nathaniel Pineda
Bassel G. Diebo
Colin Y. L. Woon
Qais Naziri
Publication date: 12-03-2024
Publisher: Springer Paris
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Hip-TEP
Hip-TEP
Knee-TEP
Knee-TEP
Published in: European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology
Print ISSN: 1633-8065
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1068
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-024-03872-3

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

The impact of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive disease status on inpatient complications following total joint arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched analysis

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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