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AIDS Research and Therapy
Published in: AIDS Research and Therapy 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | Short Report

Daily variations of gut microbial translocation markers in ART-treated HIV-infected people

Authors: Jing Ouyang, Stéphane Isnard, John Lin, Brandon Fombuena, Debashree Chatterjee, Tomas Raul Wiche Salinas, Delphine Planas, Amélie Cattin, Augustine Fert, Etiene Moreira Gabriel, Laurence Raymond Marchand, Yonglong Zhang, Malcolm Finkelman, Yaokai Chen, Daniel E. Kaufmann, Nicolas Cermakian, Petronela Ancuta, Jean-Pierre Routy

Published in: AIDS Research and Therapy | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

Increased intestinal barrier permeability and subsequent gut microbial translocation are significant contributors to inflammatory non-AIDS comorbidities in people living with HIV (PLWH). Evidence in animal models have shown that markers of intestinal permeability and microbial translocation vary over the course of the day and are affected by food intake and circadian rhythms. However, daily variations of these markers are not characterized yet in PLWH. Herein, we assessed the variation of these markers over 24 h in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a well-controlled environment.

Methods

As in Canada, PLWH are predominantly men and the majority of them are now over 50 years old, we selected 11 men over 50 receiving ART with undetectable viremia for more than 3 years in this pilot study. Blood samples were collected every 4 h over 24 h before snacks/meals from 8:00 in the morning to 8:00 the next day. All participants consumed similar meals at set times, and had a comparable amount of sleep, physical exercise and light exposure. Plasma levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and fungal (1→3)-β-D-Glucan (BDG) translocation markers, along with markers of intestinal damage fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and regenerating islet-derived protein-3α (REG3α) were assessed by ELISA or the fungitell assay.

Results

Participants had a median age of 57 years old (range 50 to 63). Plasma levels of BDG and REG3α did not vary significantly over the course of the study. In contrast, a significant increase of LPS was detected between 12:00 and 16:00 (Z-score: − 1.15 ± 0.18 vs 0.16 ± 0.15, p = 0.02), and between 12:00 and 24:00 (− 1.15 ± 0.18 vs 0.89 ± 0.26, p < 0.001). The plasma levels of I-FABP at 16:00 (− 0.92 ± 0.09) were also significantly lower, compared to 8:00 the first day (0.48 ± 0.26, p = 0.002), 4:00 (0.73 ± 0.27, p < 0.001) or 8:00 on secondary day (0.88 ± 0.27, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Conversely to the fungal translocation marker BDG and the gut damage marker REG3α, time of blood collection matters for the proper evaluation for LPS and I-FABP as markers for the risk of inflammatory non-AIDS co-morbidities. These insights are instrumental for orienting clinical investigations in PLWH.
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Metadata
Title
Daily variations of gut microbial translocation markers in ART-treated HIV-infected people
Authors
Jing Ouyang
Stéphane Isnard
John Lin
Brandon Fombuena
Debashree Chatterjee
Tomas Raul Wiche Salinas
Delphine Planas
Amélie Cattin
Augustine Fert
Etiene Moreira Gabriel
Laurence Raymond Marchand
Yonglong Zhang
Malcolm Finkelman
Yaokai Chen
Daniel E. Kaufmann
Nicolas Cermakian
Petronela Ancuta
Jean-Pierre Routy
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
AIDS Research and Therapy / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1742-6405
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-020-00273-4

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