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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | Research article

Demographic characteristics and spatial clusters of recent HIV-1 infections among newly diagnosed HIV-1 cases in Yunnan, China, 2015

Authors: Min Chen, Yanling Ma, Huichao Chen, Jie Dai, Hongbing Luo, Chaojun Yang, Lijuan Dong, Xiaomei Jin, Min Yang, Li Yang, Lijun Song, Manhong Jia, Zhizhong Song

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Background

The characteristics of recent HIV infections can provide the information about the dynamics of HIV transmission. Yunnan is one of the provinces hardest-hit by HIV-1 in China. To further understand the characteristics of the HIV-1 epidemic in Yunnan, we analyzed the prevalence of recent HIV-1 infections among newly diagnosed cases, identified the associated factors and explored the spatial distribution of recent HIV-1 infections.

Methods

Residual plasma samples from HIV-1 diagnostic tests were preserved. The associated information was collected from China HIV/AIDS case reporting system. Recent HIV-1 infections were estimated by combining the information about disease progression and BED- capture enzyme immunoassay (CEIA). The proportions of recent HIV-1 infections among newly diagnosed cases stratified by demographic characteristics were analyzed. The spatial clusters of recent HIV-1 infections were investigated by spatial scan statistics.

Results

Among 6119 HIV/AIDS cases were newly reported between January 2015 and June 2015 in Yunnan Province, 9.3% (570/6119) were estimated as recent infections. Female, aged below 25 years and homosexual contact were more associated with the higher proportion of recent HIV-1 infections. Among the different demographic sub-groups, men who have sex with men (MSM) aged < 25 years and ≥ 50 years had a higher chance of being diagnosed as recent infections, heterosexually infected men aged ≥25 years had a lower chance of being diagnosed as recent infections. In the sub-groups with different screening approaches, the highest proportion of recent infections (16.1%) was found among women diagnosed by testing during pregnancy and childbirth. In the sub-groups with different contact histories, the higher proportion of recent infections was found among the female cases having commercial heterosexual contacts (16.4%) and MSM (19.7%). The statistically significant spatial clusters of recent infections attributed to heterosexual contact, homosexual contact and intravenous drug injection were identified, respectively.

Conclusions

The investigation of recent HIV infections among newly diagnosed cases supplements the routine HIV surveillance, and reveals the characteristics of ongoing HIV transmission. Our finding identified the potential sub-populations and geographic areas in need of services or improved interventions.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Demographic characteristics and spatial clusters of recent HIV-1 infections among newly diagnosed HIV-1 cases in Yunnan, China, 2015
Authors
Min Chen
Yanling Ma
Huichao Chen
Jie Dai
Hongbing Luo
Chaojun Yang
Lijuan Dong
Xiaomei Jin
Min Yang
Li Yang
Lijun Song
Manhong Jia
Zhizhong Song
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7557-8

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