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European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
Published in: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 5/2019

01-05-2019 | HIV Drug | Review

Nucleic acid testing and molecular characterization of HIV infections

Authors: Junpeng Zhao, Le Chang, Lunan Wang

Published in: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases | Issue 5/2019

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Abstract

Significant advances have been made in the molecular assays used for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which are crucial in preventing HIV transmission and monitoring disease progression. Molecular assays for HIV diagnosis have now reached a high degree of specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility, and have less operator involvement to minimize risk of contamination. Furthermore, analyses have been developed for the characterization of host gene polymorphisms and host responses to better identify and monitor HIV-1 infections in the clinic. Currently, molecular technologies including HIV quantitative and qualitative assays are mainly based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA), and branched chain (b) DNA methods and widely used for HIV detection and characterization, such as blood screening, point-of-care testing (POCT), pediatric diagnosis, acute HIV infection (AHI), HIV drug resistance testing, antiretroviral (AR) susceptibility testing, host genome polymorphism testing, and host response analysis. This review summarizes the development and the potential utility of molecular assays used to detect and characterize HIV infections.
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Metadata
Title
Nucleic acid testing and molecular characterization of HIV infections
Authors
Junpeng Zhao
Le Chang
Lunan Wang
Publication date
01-05-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases / Issue 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0934-9723
Electronic ISSN: 1435-4373
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-019-03515-0

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