Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of General Internal Medicine 12/2017

01-12-2017 | Perspective

High Stakes for the Health of Sexual and Gender Minority Patients of Color

Authors: Judy Y. Tan, Ph.D., Arshiya A. Baig, M.D., M.P.H, Marshall H. Chin, M.D., M.P.H

Published in: Journal of General Internal Medicine | Issue 12/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

As clinicians, educators, and researchers, our ability to provide the best possible care to our patients who are sexual and gender minority (SGM) people of color is increasingly challenged. Relative to the general population, SGM patients often have worse health outcomes, and among SGM patients, racial and ethnic minorities are particularly vulnerable. Healthcare policies proposed by the current administration, along with an increasingly hostile and dangerous social climate, have the potential to seriously harm SGM patients of color. In this paper, we discuss these key policy issues impacting the health of SGM patients of color. We then suggest questions for clinicians to consider to help them decide which advocacy activities are right for them, recommending self-examination, skills development, and political action. We end by outlining concrete, actionable steps to advocate for SGM patients of color in patient care, healthcare organizations, medical education, research, and public policy.
Literature
2.
go back to reference Mayer KH, Bradford JB, Makadon HJ, Stall R, Goldhammer H, Landers S. Sexual and gender minority health: What we know and what needs to be done. Am J Public Health 2008;98(6):989.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Mayer KH, Bradford JB, Makadon HJ, Stall R, Goldhammer H, Landers S. Sexual and gender minority health: What we know and what needs to be done. Am J Public Health 2008;98(6):989.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
go back to reference Crenshaw K. Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Rev 1991:1241-1299. Crenshaw K. Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Rev 1991:1241-1299.
5.
go back to reference Byne W. Sustaining progress toward LGBT health equity: A time for vigilance, advocacy, and scientific inquiry. LGBT Health 2017;4(1):1-3.CrossRefPubMed Byne W. Sustaining progress toward LGBT health equity: A time for vigilance, advocacy, and scientific inquiry. LGBT Health 2017;4(1):1-3.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Gonzales G, Henning-Smith C. The Affordable Care Act and health insurance coverage for lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults: Analysis of the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. LGBT Health 2017;4(1):62-67.CrossRefPubMed Gonzales G, Henning-Smith C. The Affordable Care Act and health insurance coverage for lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults: Analysis of the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. LGBT Health 2017;4(1):62-67.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Bowleg L. Intersectionality: an underutilized but essential theoretical framework for social psychology. In: The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Social Psychology. Springer; 2017:507–529. Bowleg L. Intersectionality: an underutilized but essential theoretical framework for social psychology. In: The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Social Psychology. Springer; 2017:507–529.
18.
go back to reference Martinez O, Lee JH, Bandiera F, Santamaria EK, Levine EC, Operario D. Sexual and behavioral health disparities among sexual minority Hispanics/Latinos: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2014. Am J Prev Med. 2017. Martinez O, Lee JH, Bandiera F, Santamaria EK, Levine EC, Operario D. Sexual and behavioral health disparities among sexual minority Hispanics/Latinos: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001–2014. Am J Prev Med. 2017.
19.
go back to reference Macapagal K, Bhatia R, Greene GJ. Differences in healthcare access, use, and experiences within a community sample of racially diverse lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning emerging adults. LGBT Health 2016;3(6):434-442.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Macapagal K, Bhatia R, Greene GJ. Differences in healthcare access, use, and experiences within a community sample of racially diverse lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning emerging adults. LGBT Health 2016;3(6):434-442.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
22.
go back to reference Hacker K, Anies M, Folb BL, Zallman L. Barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants: A literature review. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2015;8:175-183.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hacker K, Anies M, Folb BL, Zallman L. Barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants: A literature review. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2015;8:175-183.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
23.
go back to reference Wilson PA, Yoshikawa H. Improving access to health care among African-American, Asian and Pacific Islander, and Latino lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. In: The Health of Sexual Minorities. Springer; 2007:607–637. Wilson PA, Yoshikawa H. Improving access to health care among African-American, Asian and Pacific Islander, and Latino lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. In: The Health of Sexual Minorities. Springer; 2007:607–637.
25.
go back to reference Gostin LO, Cathaoir KEÓ. Presidential immigration policies: Endangering health and well-being? JAMA 2017;317(16):1617-1618.CrossRefPubMed Gostin LO, Cathaoir KEÓ. Presidential immigration policies: Endangering health and well-being? JAMA 2017;317(16):1617-1618.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Palazzolo SL, Yamanis TJ, De Jesus M, Maguire-Marshall M, Barker SL. Documentation status as a contextual determinant of HIV risk among young transgender Latinas. LGBT Health 2016;3(2):132-138.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Palazzolo SL, Yamanis TJ, De Jesus M, Maguire-Marshall M, Barker SL. Documentation status as a contextual determinant of HIV risk among young transgender Latinas. LGBT Health 2016;3(2):132-138.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
go back to reference Tan JY, Xu LJ, Lopez FY, et al. Shared decision making among clinicians and Asian American and Pacific Islander sexual and gender minorities: An intersectional approach to address a critical care gap. LGBT Health 2016;3(5):327-334.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Tan JY, Xu LJ, Lopez FY, et al. Shared decision making among clinicians and Asian American and Pacific Islander sexual and gender minorities: An intersectional approach to address a critical care gap. LGBT Health 2016;3(5):327-334.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
go back to reference DeMeester RH, Lopez FY, Moore JE, Cook SC, Chin MH. A model of organizational context and shared decision making: Application to LGBT racial and ethnic minority patients. J Gen Intern Med 2016;31(6):651-662.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral DeMeester RH, Lopez FY, Moore JE, Cook SC, Chin MH. A model of organizational context and shared decision making: Application to LGBT racial and ethnic minority patients. J Gen Intern Med 2016;31(6):651-662.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
go back to reference Baig AA, Lopez FY, DeMeester RH, Jia JL, Peek ME, Vela MB. Addressing barriers to shared decision making among Latino LGBTQ patients and healthcare providers in clinical settings. LGBT Health 2016;3(5):335-341.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Baig AA, Lopez FY, DeMeester RH, Jia JL, Peek ME, Vela MB. Addressing barriers to shared decision making among Latino LGBTQ patients and healthcare providers in clinical settings. LGBT Health 2016;3(5):335-341.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
go back to reference Earnest MA, Wong SL, Federico SG. Perspective: Physician advocacy: What is it and how do we do it? Acad Med 2010;85(1):63-67.CrossRefPubMed Earnest MA, Wong SL, Federico SG. Perspective: Physician advocacy: What is it and how do we do it? Acad Med 2010;85(1):63-67.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Jones CP, Jones CY, Perry GS, Barclay G, Jones CA. Addressing the social determinants of children's health: A cliff analogy. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2009;20(4A):1-12.CrossRefPubMed Jones CP, Jones CY, Perry GS, Barclay G, Jones CA. Addressing the social determinants of children's health: A cliff analogy. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2009;20(4A):1-12.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Peek ME, Lopez FY, Williams HS, et al. Development of a conceptual framework for understanding shared decision making among African-American LGBT patients and their clinicians. J Gen Intern Med 2016;31(6):677-687.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Peek ME, Lopez FY, Williams HS, et al. Development of a conceptual framework for understanding shared decision making among African-American LGBT patients and their clinicians. J Gen Intern Med 2016;31(6):677-687.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
37.
go back to reference Cook SC, Gunter KE, Lopez FY. Establishing effective health care partnerships with sexual and gender minority patients: Recommendations for obstetricians and gynecologists. Semin Reprod Med 2017;(in press). Cook SC, Gunter KE, Lopez FY. Establishing effective health care partnerships with sexual and gender minority patients: Recommendations for obstetricians and gynecologists. Semin Reprod Med 2017;(in press).
38.
go back to reference Chin MH, Lopez FY, Nathan AG, Cook SC. Improving shared decision making with LGBT racial and ethnic minority patients. J Gen Intern Med 2016;31(6):591-593.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chin MH, Lopez FY, Nathan AG, Cook SC. Improving shared decision making with LGBT racial and ethnic minority patients. J Gen Intern Med 2016;31(6):591-593.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
go back to reference Chin MH, Clarke AR, Nocon RS, et al. A roadmap and best practices for organizations to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in health care. J Gen Intern Med 2012;27(8):992-1000.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chin MH, Clarke AR, Nocon RS, et al. A roadmap and best practices for organizations to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in health care. J Gen Intern Med 2012;27(8):992-1000.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
42.
go back to reference Chin MH. Movement advocacy, personal relationships, and ending health care disparities. J Natl Med Assoc 2017;109(1):33-35.CrossRefPubMed Chin MH. Movement advocacy, personal relationships, and ending health care disparities. J Natl Med Assoc 2017;109(1):33-35.CrossRefPubMed
43.
go back to reference Brenick A, Romano K, Kegler C, Eaton LA. Understanding the influence of stigma and medical mistrust on engagement in routine healthcare among Black women who have sex with women. LGBT Health 2017;4(1):4-10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Brenick A, Romano K, Kegler C, Eaton LA. Understanding the influence of stigma and medical mistrust on engagement in routine healthcare among Black women who have sex with women. LGBT Health 2017;4(1):4-10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
47.
go back to reference Bouris A, Everett BG, Heath RD, Elsaesser CE, Neilands TB. Effects of victimization and violence on suicidal ideation and behaviors among sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents. LGBT Health 2016;3(2):153-161.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bouris A, Everett BG, Heath RD, Elsaesser CE, Neilands TB. Effects of victimization and violence on suicidal ideation and behaviors among sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents. LGBT Health 2016;3(2):153-161.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
High Stakes for the Health of Sexual and Gender Minority Patients of Color
Authors
Judy Y. Tan, Ph.D.
Arshiya A. Baig, M.D., M.P.H
Marshall H. Chin, M.D., M.P.H
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of General Internal Medicine / Issue 12/2017
Print ISSN: 0884-8734
Electronic ISSN: 1525-1497
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-017-4138-3

Other articles of this Issue 12/2017

Journal of General Internal Medicine 12/2017 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.