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World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Review

Genomic characterization of colitis-associated colorectal cancer

Authors: Hitoshi Kameyama, Masayuki Nagahashi, Yoshifumi Shimada, Yosuke Tajima, Hiroshi Ichikawa, Masato Nakano, Jun Sakata, Takashi Kobayashi, Sumana Narayanan, Kazuaki Takabe, Toshifumi Wakai

Published in: World Journal of Surgical Oncology | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Background

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic, idiopathic, repeated inflammatory disease. Colorectal cancer (CRC) that develops in patients with IBD is known as colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), but the underlying carcinogenic mechanism remains unclear. Genomic analysis of sporadic CRC has been well described based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. Using NGS, we compared all exons of 415 cancer-associated genes in patients in Japan and the USA who had CRC and found similar genomic alteration patterns among the two populations. However, genomic analysis of CAC has not been thoroughly investigated.

Main body

The molecular pathogenesis of CAC shares many features with sporadic CRC, but there are distinct variations in the time and frequency of some alterations. Gene alterations in CAC are gradually being elucidated using genomic sequencing analyses. Some studies have shown that gene alteration patterns differ between UC and CD. The carcinogenesis of CAC depends on unique environmental, genetic, and immunological factors.

Conclusions

In this review, we have discussed the differences in genomic alterations between sporadic CRC and CAC. NGS in patients with IBD has the potential to detect early CAC and to suggest therapeutic targets.
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Metadata
Title
Genomic characterization of colitis-associated colorectal cancer
Authors
Hitoshi Kameyama
Masayuki Nagahashi
Yoshifumi Shimada
Yosuke Tajima
Hiroshi Ichikawa
Masato Nakano
Jun Sakata
Takashi Kobayashi
Sumana Narayanan
Kazuaki Takabe
Toshifumi Wakai
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
World Journal of Surgical Oncology / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1477-7819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-018-1428-0

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