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BMC Infectious Diseases
Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Gastric Cancer | Research

The global prevalence of gastric cancer in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Maryam Shirani, Reza Pakzad, Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Sousan Akrami, Arezoo Asadi, Hossein Kazemian, Melika Moradi, Vahab Hassan Kaviar, Abolfazl Rafati Zomorodi, Saeed Khoshnood, Mahnaz Shafieian, Ronia Tavasolian, Mohsen Heidary, Morteza Saki

Published in: BMC Infectious Diseases | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Helicobacter pylori is a gastrointestinal pathogen that infects around half of the world's population. H. pylori infection is the most severe known risk factor for gastric cancer (GC), which is the second highest cause of cancer-related deaths globally. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the global prevalence of GC in H. pylori-infected individuals.

Methods

We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for studies of the prevalence of GC in H. pylori-infected individuals published from 1 January 2011 to 20 April 2021. Metaprop package were used to calculate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval. Random-effects model was applied to estimate the pooled prevalence. We also quantified it with the I2 index. Based on the Higgins classification approach, I2 values above 0.7 were determined as high heterogeneity.

Results

Among 17,438 reports screened, we assessed 1053 full-text articles for eligibility; 149 were included in the final analysis, comprising data from 32 countries. The highest and lowest prevalence was observed in America (pooled prevalence: 18.06%; 95% CI: 16.48 − 19.63; I2: 98.84%) and Africa (pooled prevalence: 9.52%; 95% CI: 5.92 − 13.12; I2: 88.39%). Among individual countries, Japan had the highest pooled prevalence of GC in H. pylori positive patients (Prevalence: 90.90%:95% CI: 83.61–95.14), whereas Sweden had the lowest prevalence (Prevalence: 0.07%; 95% CI: 0.06–0.09). The highest and lowest prevalence was observed in prospective case series (pooled prevalence: 23.13%; 95% CI: 20.41 − 25.85; I2: 97.70%) and retrospective cohort (pooled prevalence: 1.17%; 95% CI: 0.55 − 1.78; I 2: 0.10%).

Conclusions

H. pylori infection in GC patients varied between regions in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We observed that large amounts of GCs in developed countries are associated with H. pylori. Using these data, regional initiatives can be taken to prevent and eradicate H. pylori worldwide, thus reducing its complications.
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Metadata
Title
The global prevalence of gastric cancer in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors
Maryam Shirani
Reza Pakzad
Mohammad Hossein Haddadi
Sousan Akrami
Arezoo Asadi
Hossein Kazemian
Melika Moradi
Vahab Hassan Kaviar
Abolfazl Rafati Zomorodi
Saeed Khoshnood
Mahnaz Shafieian
Ronia Tavasolian
Mohsen Heidary
Morteza Saki
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Infectious Diseases / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2334
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08504-5

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