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AIDS and Behavior
Published in: AIDS and Behavior 7/2016

01-07-2016 | Original Paper

Framing HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for the General Public: How Inclusive Messaging May Prevent Prejudice from Diminishing Public Support

Authors: Sarah K. Calabrese, Kristen Underhill, Valerie A. Earnshaw, Nathan B. Hansen, Trace S. Kershaw, Manya Magnus, Douglas S. Krakower, Kenneth H. Mayer, Joseph R. Betancourt, John F. Dovidio

Published in: AIDS and Behavior | Issue 7/2016

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Abstract

Strategic framing of public messages about HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may influence public support for policies and programs affecting access. This survey study examined how public attitudes toward PrEP differed based on the social group PrEP was described as benefiting (“beneficiary”) and the moderating effect of prejudice. Members of the general public (n = 154) recruited online were randomly assigned to three beneficiary conditions: general population, gay men, or Black gay men. All participants received identical PrEP background information before completing measures of PrEP attitudes (specifying beneficiary), racism, and heterosexism. Despite anticipating greater PrEP adherence among gay men and Black gay men and perceiving PrEP as especially beneficial to the latter, participants expressed lower support for policies/programs making PrEP affordable for these groups vs. the general population. This disparity in support was stronger among participants reporting greater prejudice. Inclusive framing of PrEP in public discourse may prevent prejudice from undermining implementation efforts.
Appendix
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Footnotes
1
Within our sample, participants recruited via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk compared to those recruited via the Yale School of Management eLab did not significantly differ in terms of age, ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, or education. The only significant sociodemographic difference identified was with regard to gender, with a greater proportion of Mechanical Turk participants than eLab participants being male [55 vs. 29 %, respectively, χ2(1) = 9.73, p < .01]. Gender was adjusted for in all primary and post hoc analyses.
 
2
We repeated these tests using non-parametric tests (Mann–Whitney U and Fisher’s exact tests) given the small size of the attention/manipulation check failure group, yielding the same results.
 
3
The other significant disparities in PrEP attitudes by PrEP beneficiary group involving (a) perceived community benefit/support for access and (b) predicted adherence, which had been identified via ANCOVA analyses, were opposite to our hypotheses, favoring gay men and Black gay men over the general population. We nonetheless tested condition × racism, condition × heterosexism, and condition × racism × heterosexism interactions relative to both outcomes as planned a priori. No significant interactions were found for either outcome for gay men vs. the general population or for Black gay men vs. the general population (ps > .05).
 
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Metadata
Title
Framing HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for the General Public: How Inclusive Messaging May Prevent Prejudice from Diminishing Public Support
Authors
Sarah K. Calabrese
Kristen Underhill
Valerie A. Earnshaw
Nathan B. Hansen
Trace S. Kershaw
Manya Magnus
Douglas S. Krakower
Kenneth H. Mayer
Joseph R. Betancourt
John F. Dovidio
Publication date
01-07-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
AIDS and Behavior / Issue 7/2016
Print ISSN: 1090-7165
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3254
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1318-9

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