Top

Osteoporosis International

Published in:

Open Access 01-02-2014 | Original Article

Fracture patterns and bone mass in South African adolescent–mother pairs: the Birth to Twenty cohort

Authors: K. Thandrayen, S. A. Norris, L. K. Micklesfield, J. M. Pettifor

Published in: Osteoporosis International | Issue 2/2014

Abstract

Summary

The associations of fracture prevalence and bone mass in adolescents with maternal fracture history and bone mass have not been investigated previously in South Africa. Maternal bone mass has a significant inverse association with their adolescents' fracture rates and bone mass across all ethnic groups.

Introduction

Differences in fracture rates and bone mass between families and individuals of different ethnic origins may be due to differing lifestyles and/or genetic backgrounds. This study aimed to assess associations of fracture prevalence and bone mass in adolescents with maternal fracture history and bone mass, and sibling fracture history.

Methods

Data from 1,389 adolescent–biological mother pairs from the Birth to Twenty longitudinal study were obtained. Questionnaires were completed on adolescent fractures until 17/18 years of age and on sibling fractures. Biological mothers completed questionnaires on their own fractures prior to the age of 18 years. Anthropometric and bone mass data on adolescent–biological mother pairs were collected.

Results

An adolescent's risk of lifetime fracture decreased with increasing maternal lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral content (BMC; 24 % reduction in fracture risk for every unit increase in maternal LS BMC Z-score) and increased if they were white, male, or had a sibling with a history of fracture. Adolescent height, weight, male gender, maternal bone area and BMC, and white ethnicity were positive predictors of adolescent bone mass. White adolescents and their mothers had a higher fracture prevalence (adolescents 42 %, mothers 31 %) compared to the black (adolescents 20 %, mothers 6 %) and mixed ancestry (adolescents 20 %, mothers 16 %) groups.

Conclusion

Maternal bone mass has a significant inverse association with their adolescent off-springs' fracture risk and bone mass. Furthermore, there is a strong familial component in fracture patterns among South African adolescents and their siblings.

Krall EA, Dawson-Hughes B (1993) Heritable and life-style determinants of bone mineral density. J Bone Miner Res 8:1–9PubMedCrossRef

Runyan SM, Stadler DD, Bainbridge CN et al (2003) Familial resemblance of bone mineralization, calcium intake, and physical activity in early-adolescent daughters, their mothers, and maternal grandmothers. J Am Diet Assoc 103:1320–1325PubMedCrossRef

Ondrak KS, Morgan DW (2007) Physical activity, calcium intake and bone health in children and adolescents. Sports Med 37:587–600PubMedCrossRef

Dotsch J (2011) Low birth weight, bone metabolism and fracture risk. Dermatoendocrinol 3:240–242PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Javaid MK, Eriksson JG, Kajantie E et al (2011) Growth in childhood predicts hip fracture risk in later life. Osteoporos Int 22:69–73PubMedCrossRef

Baird J, Kurshid MA, Kim M et al (2011) Does birthweight predict bone mass in adulthood? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 22:1323–34PubMedCrossRef

Cooper C, Cawley M, Bhalla A et al (1995) Childhood growth, physical activity, and peak bone mass in women. J Bone Miner Res 10:940–947PubMedCrossRef

Gafni RI, Baron J (2007) Childhood bone mass acquisition and peak bone mass may not be important determinants of bone mass in late adulthood. Pediatrics 119(Suppl 2):S131–6PubMedCrossRef

Vidulich L, Norris SA, Cameron N et al (2011) Bone mass and bone size in pre- or early pubertal 10-year-old black and white South African children and their parents. Calcif Tissue Int 88:281–93PubMedCrossRef

10.

Wetzsteon RJ, Hughes JM, Kaufman BC et al (2009) Ethnic differences in bone geometry and strength are apparent in childhood. Bone 44:970–975PubMedCrossRef

11.

Micklesfield LK, Norris SA, Pettifor JM (2011) Determinants of bone size and strength in 13-year-old South African children: the influence of ethnicity, sex and pubertal maturation. Bone 48:777–85PubMedCrossRef

12.

Baron JA, Barrett J, Malenka D et al (1994) Racial differences in fracture risk. Epidemiology 5:42–47PubMedCrossRef

13.

Barrett-Connor E, Siris ES, Wehren LE et al (2005) Osteoporosis and fracture risk in women of different ethnic groups. J Bone Miner Res 20:185–94PubMedCrossRef

14.

Solomon L (1968) Osteoporosis and fracture of the femoral neck in the South African Bantu. J Bone Joint Surg Br 50:2–13PubMed

15.

Lei SF, Chen Y, Xiong DH et al (2006) Ethnic difference in osteoporosis-related phenotypes and its potential underlying genetic determination. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 6:36–46PubMed

16.

Richter L, Norris S, Pettifor J et al (2007) Cohort profile: Mandela's children: the 1990 Birth to Twenty study in South Africa. Int J Epidemiol 36:504–11PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

17.

Tanner JM (1962) Growth at adolescence. Blackwell, Oxford

18.

Norris SA, Richter LM (2005) Usefulness and reliability of Tanner pubertal self-rating to urban black adolescents in South Africa. J Res Adolesc 15:609–24CrossRef

19.

Thandrayen K, Norris SA, Pettifor JM (2009) Fracture rates in urban South African children of different ethnic origins: the Birth to Twenty cohort. Osteoporos Int 20:47–52PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

20.

Ioannou C, Javaid MK, Mahon P et al (2012) The effect of maternal vitamin D concentration on fetal bone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97:E2070–E2077PubMedCrossRef

21.

Gale CR, Javaid MK, Robinson SM et al (2007) Maternal size in pregnancy and body composition in children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:3904–11PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

22.

Ferrari S, Rizzoli R, Slosman D et al (1998) Familial resemblance for bone mineral mass is expressed before puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:358–61PubMed

23.

Kuroda T, Onoe Y, Miyabara Y et al (2009) Influence of maternal genetic and lifestyle factors on bone mineral density in adolescent daughters: a cohort study in 387 Japanese daughter-mother pairs. J Bone Miner Metab 27:379–85PubMedCrossRef

24.

Ohta H, Kuroda T, Onoe Y et al (2010) Familial correlation of bone mineral density, birth data and lifestyle factors among adolescent daughters, mothers and grandmothers. J Bone Miner Metab 28:690–695PubMedCrossRef

25.

Clark EM, Tobias JH, Ness AR (2006) Association between bone density and fractures in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics 117:e291–e297PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

26.

Goulding A, Cannan R, Williams SM et al (1998) Bone mineral density in girls with forearm fractures. J Bone Miner Res 13:143–48PubMedCrossRef

27.

Goulding A, Jones IE, Taylor RW et al (2001) Bone mineral density and body composition in boys with distal forearm fractures: a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry study. J Pediatr 139:509–15PubMedCrossRef

28.

Ma D, Jones G (2003) The association between bone mineral density, metacarpal morphometry, and upper limb fractures in children: a population-based case–control study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:1486–91PubMedCrossRef

29.

Jouanny P, Guillemin F, Kuntz C et al (1995) Environmental and genetic factors affecting bone mass. Similarity of bone density among members of healthy families. Arthritis Rheum 38:61–67PubMedCrossRef

30.

Thandrayen K, Norris SA, Micklesfield LK et al (2011) Heterogeneity of fracture pathogenesis in urban South African children: the Birth to Twenty cohort. J Bone Miner Res 26:2834–42PubMedCrossRef

31.

Gueguen R, Jouanny P, Guillemin F et al (1995) Segregation analysis and variance components analysis of bone mineral density in healthy families. J Bone Miner Res 10:2017–22PubMedCrossRef

32.

Pye SR, Tobias J, Silman AJ et al (2009) Childhood fractures do not predict future fractures: results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study. J Bone Miner Res 24:1314–18PubMedCrossRef

33.

Ma DQ, Jones G (2002) Clinical risk factors but not bone density are associated with prevalent fractures in prepubertal children. J Paediatr Child Health 38:497–500PubMedCrossRef

34.

Konstantynowicz J, Bialokoz-Kalinowska I, Motkowski R et al (2005) The characteristics of fractures in Polish adolescents aged 16–20 years. Osteoporos Int 16:1397–403PubMedCrossRef

35.

Buttazzoni C, Rosengren EB, Tveit M et al (2013) Does a childhood fracture predict low bone mass in young adulthood? A 27-year prospective controlled study. J Bone Miner Res 28:351–59PubMedCrossRef

36.

Cheng S, Xu L, Nicholson PH et al (2009) Low volumetric BMD is linked to upper-limb fracture in pubertal girls and persists into adulthood: a seven-year cohort study. Bone 45:480–486PubMedCrossRef

37.

Kawalilak CE, Baxter-Jones AD, Faulkner RA et al (2010) Does childhood and adolescence fracture influence bone mineral content in young adulthood? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 35:235–43PubMedCrossRef

Title: Fracture patterns and bone mass in South African adolescent–mother pairs: the Birth to Twenty cohort
Authors: K. Thandrayen
S. A. Norris
L. K. Micklesfield
J. M. Pettifor
Publication date: 01-02-2014
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: Osteoporosis International / Issue 2/2014
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Electronic ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-013-2477-4

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Fracture patterns and bone mass in South African adolescent–mother pairs: the Birth to Twenty cohort

Abstract

Summary

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Summary

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 2/2014

Development of the osteoporosis assessment questionnaire—physical function (OPAQ-PF): an osteoporosis-targeted, patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measure of physical function

Nationwide registry-based analysis of cardiovascular risk factors and adverse outcomes in patients treated with strontium ranelate

What determines health-related quality of life in hip fracture patients at the end of acute care?—a prospective observational study

Classification of women with and without hip fracture based on quantitative computed tomography and finite element analysis

Prednisolone induces osteoporosis-like phenotype in regenerating zebrafish scales

Time dependency of bone density estimation from computed tomography with intravenous contrast agent administration