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Current Diabetes Reports

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01-11-2018 | Other Forms of Diabetes and Its Complications (JJ Nolan and H Thabit, Section Editors)

Enteroviral Infections as a Trigger for Type 1 Diabetes

Author: Teresa Rodriguez-Calvo

Published in: Current Diabetes Reports | Issue 11/2018

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To provide an overview of studies that have detected enteroviruses (EV) in samples from people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), the techniques they have used, and which challenges they have encountered.

Recent Findings

Recent studies have detected EVs in serum, blood, stools, nasal swabs, and pancreas of people with T1D before or around clinical onset of disease, indicating that an association between EV infections and T1D exists. However, definitive evidence for its role as disease triggers is lacking. Recent access to human samples is starting to provide the necessary tools to define their role in disease pathogenesis. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic infections take place in the pancreas of diabetic donors. However, the development of sensitive techniques able to detect low amounts of viral protein and RNA still constitute a major challenge for the field.

Summary

New evidence at the protein, RNA, and host immune response level suggests a role for EV infections in the development of autoimmunity. In the upcoming years, new technologies, collaborative efforts, and therapeutic interventions are likely to find a definitive answer for their role in disease pathogenesis.

(CDC) CDC 23 July 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/non-polio-enterovirus/index.html.

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22.

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Title: Enteroviral Infections as a Trigger for Type 1 Diabetes
Author: Teresa Rodriguez-Calvo
Publication date: 01-11-2018
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Current Diabetes Reports / Issue 11/2018
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Electronic ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-018-1077-2

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