Published in:
01-11-2020 | Endoscopy | Original Article
Increased Risk of Progression to Gastric Adenocarcinoma in Patients with Non-dysplastic Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Versus a Control Population
Published in: Digestive Diseases and Sciences | Issue 11/2020
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Aim
In previous studies, the 5-year progression rate of gastric intestinal metaplasia to gastric adenocarcinoma has varied substantially. We investigated the incidence rate of dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma and the rate of progression among a cohort of patients with non-dysplastic gastric intestinal metaplasia.
Methods
This is a single-center, single-cohort retrospective study. Patients who had undergone an EGD with biopsies from 01/01/1993 to 12/31/2013 were included. The primary outcome of interest was the composite of low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, or adenocarcinoma. Time to progression and risk factor subgroup analyses were performed.
Results
A total of 1628 subjects were screened, of whom 358 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 21 first-time events were recorded. The annual incidence rate of low-grade dysplasia was 2.1 (95% CI 1.3–3.5) cases per 1000 person-years, 0.5 (95% 0.2–1.3) per 1000 person-years for high-grade dysplasia, and 0.8 (95% CI 0.3–1.6) cases per 1000 person-years for gastric adenocarcinoma. The historical control group had an annual adenocarcinoma incidence rate of 0.07 per 1000 person-years. The event rate in Asians was also noted to be significantly higher between years 0–8 as compared with patients of non-Asian race, and extensive intestinal metaplasia was an independent risk factor (HR = 4.06 (95% CI 1.45–11.34), p = 0.007).
Conclusions
Patients with non-dysplastic gastric intestinal metaplasia may progress to dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma. The incidence rate of gastric adenocarcinoma is higher than that of the historical control population (0.07 per 1000 person-years). The presence of extensive intestinal metaplasia was a risk factor for progression of disease. Triennial EGD may be warranted in patients with non-dysplastic gastric intestinal metaplasia.