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BMC Nephrology
Published in: BMC Nephrology 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Research article

Effects of lovastatin treatment on the metabolic distributions in the Han:SPRD rat model of polycystic kidney disease

Authors: Jelena Klawitter, Iram Zafar, Jost Klawitter, Alexander T Pennington, Jacek Klepacki, Berenice Y Gitomer, Robert W Schrier, Uwe Christians, Charles L Edelstein

Published in: BMC Nephrology | Issue 1/2013

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Abstract

Background

We previously demonstrated that lovastatin decreases cyst volume and improves kidney function in the Han:SPRD (Cy/+) rat model of ADPKD. Since endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory activity are evident in patients with ADPKD, we investigated whether lovastatin reduces the inflammation and vascular dysfunction and improves kidney cell energy metabolism of Cy/+ rats.

Methods

Cy/+ and normal littermate control animals (+/+) were treated with either lovastatin (4 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (ethanol) from 3–8 weeks of age. 1H-NMR analysis was performed on water-soluble and lipid kidney fractions following perchloric acid extraction. Targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to assess endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation markers in plasma and kidney tissue extracts.

Results

Cy/+ rats showed perturbations in fatty acid metabolism and increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory lipoxygenases-produced bioactive lipids was observed. Lovastatin decreased inflammatory markers, specifically 13-HODE, 12-HETE and leukotriene B4. In Cy/+ rats, lovastatin reduced the elevated homocysteine and allantoin plasma levels and increased arginine, that is known to positively affect NO production.
In terms of kidney cell metabolism, Cy/+ rats showed reduced Krebs cycle activity. Treatment with lovastatin increased the Krebs cycle activity as well as the glycolytical lactate production, thus improving the overall energy state of the cystic kidney.

Conclusion

As previously described, lovastatin was able to decrease kidney weight and cyst volume density in Cy/+ rats. The decrease in cyst volume was accompanied by a reduction in arachidonic acid-mediated inflammation markers, the normalization of metabolism of NO precursors and the improvement of kidney energy cell metabolism.
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Metadata
Title
Effects of lovastatin treatment on the metabolic distributions in the Han:SPRD rat model of polycystic kidney disease
Authors
Jelena Klawitter
Iram Zafar
Jost Klawitter
Alexander T Pennington
Jacek Klepacki
Berenice Y Gitomer
Robert W Schrier
Uwe Christians
Charles L Edelstein
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Nephrology / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2369
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2369-14-165

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WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

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