Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
Published in: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 5/2014

01-09-2014 | Original Article

Effects of lifestyle exercise on premenopausal bone health: a randomised controlled trial

Authors: Opeyemi Babatunde, Jacky Forsyth

Published in: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism | Issue 5/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Osteoporosis, a slowly evolving public health epidemic, often with an insidious presentation is largely preventable but the optimal dimensions of exercise that may be prescribed for enhancing bone-health among premenopausal adults are yet to be elucidated. Hence, the escalating incidence and burden of prevalence of osteoporosis is yet unabated. Considering that exogenous hormones in the form of hormonal contraception are known to modulate bone mass, investigations of their possible influence on the translation of exercise-induced osteogenic stimuli on the mature bone is pertinent. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of specified lifestyle exercise on bone-health of premenopausal women. Premenopausal women (n = 96, mean age: 22.25 ± 3.5 years; mean BMI: 23.43 ± 3.5 kg/m2) participated in a 6-month randomised controlled trial involving home-based rest-interspersed bouts of high-impact exercise for the intervention group and sham exercise for the control group. Approximately half (47) of the participants (24-exercise, 23-control) were on hormonal-based contraception while the other half (49: 24-exercise, 25-control) were not on hormonal contraception. The regime led to a significant 3.7 % increase in broadband ultrasound attenuation of exercisers compared to controls; hormonal contraceptive use did not appear to potentiate the osteogenic effects of the lifestyle exercise regime. The research highlights that short, discrete bouts of high-impact exercise may be a potential public health prescription for enhancing premenopausal bone-health regardless of hormonal contraceptive use.
Literature
1.
Anderson J, Rondano P (1996) Peak bone mass development of females: can young adult women improve their peak bone mass? J Am Coll Nutr 15:570–574PubMedCrossRef
2.
Theintz G, Buchs B, Rizzoli R, Slosman D, Clavien H, Sizonenko P, Bonjour JPH (1992) Longitudinal monitoring of bone mass accumulation in healthy adolescents: evidence for a marked reduction after 16 years of age at the levels of lumbar spine and femoral neck in female subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 4:1060–1065
3.
Matkovic V, Jelic T, Wardlaw G, Ilich J, Goel P, Wright J, Andon M, Smith K, Heaney R (1994) Timing of peak bone mass in Caucasian females and its implication for the prevention of osteoporosis. Inference from a cross-sectional model. J Clin Invest 93:799–808PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
4.
Krolner B, Nielsen SP (1982) Bone mineral content of the lumbar spine in normal and osteoporotic women: cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Clin Sci 62:329–336PubMed
5.
Rodin A, Murby B, Smith M, Caleffi M, Fentiman I, Chapman M, Fogelman I (1990) Premenopausal bone loss in the lumbar spine and neck of femur: a study of 225 Caucasian women. Bone 11:1–5PubMedCrossRef
6.
Snow-Harter C, Bouxsein ML, Lewis BT, Carter DR, Marcus R (2009) Effects of resistance and endurance exercise on bone mineral status of young women: a randomized exercise intervention trial. J Bone Miner Res 7:761–769CrossRef
7.
Lohman T, Going S, Hall M, Ritenbaugh C, Bare L, Hill A, Houtkooper L, Aickin M, Boyden T, Pamenter R (1995) Effects of resistance training on regional and total bone mineral density in premenopausal women: a randomized prospective study. J Bone Miner Res 10:1015–1024PubMedCrossRef
8.
Friedlander AL, Genant HK, Sadowsky S, Byl NN, Glüer CC (1995) A two-year program of aerobics and weight training enhances bone mineral density of young women. J Bone Miner Res 10:574–585PubMedCrossRef
9.
Sinaki M, Wahner H, Bergstralh E, Hodgson S, Offord K, Squires R, Swee R, Kao P (1996) Three-year controlled, randomized trial of the effect of dose-specified loading and strengthening exercises on bone mineral density of spine and femur in nonathletic, physically active women. Bone 19:233–244PubMedCrossRef
10.
Rockwell J, Sorensen A, Baker S, Leahey D, Stock J, Michaels J, Baran D (1990) Weight training decreases vertebral bone density in premenopausal women: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71:988–993PubMedCrossRef
11.
Dalsky GP (1990) Effect of exercise on bone: permissive influence of estrogen and calcium. Med Sci Sports Exerc 22:281–285PubMedCrossRef
12.
Lanyon L (1996) Using functional loading to influence bone mass and architecture: objectives, mechanisms, and relationship with estrogen of the mechanically adaptive process in bone. Bone 18:S37–S43CrossRef
13.
Borer KT (2005) Physical activity in the prevention and amelioration of osteoporosis in women: interaction of mechanical, hormonal and dietary factors. Sports Med 35:779–830PubMedCrossRef
14.
Babatunde O, Forsyth J, Gidlow C (2012) A meta-analysis of brief high-impact exercises for enhancing bone health in premenopausal women. Osteoporosis Int 23:109–119CrossRef
15.
Weaver CM, Teegarden D, Lyle RM, McCabe GP, McCabe LD, Proulx W, Kern M, Sedlock D, Anderson DD, Hillberry B (2001) Impact of exercise on bone health and contraindication of oral contraceptive use in young women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33:873–880PubMedCrossRef
16.
Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang A (2009) Statistical power analyses using G* Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods 41:1149–1160PubMedCrossRef
17.
Glüer CC, Eastell R, Reid DM, Felsenberg D, Roux C, Barkmann R, Timm W, Blenk T, Armbrecht G, Stewart A (2004) Association of Five Quantitative Ultrasound Devices and Bone Densitometry With Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures in a Population-Based Sample: the OPUS Study. J Bone Miner Res 19:782–793PubMedCrossRef
18.
Nguyen ND, Eisman JA, Center JR, Nguyen TV (2007) Risk factors for fracture in nonosteoporotic men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:955–962PubMedCrossRef
19.
Bailey CA, Brooke-Wavell K (2010) Optimum frequency of exercise for bone health: randomised controlled trial of a high-impact unilateral intervention. Bone 46:1043–1049PubMedCrossRef
20.
Vainionpää A, Korpelainen R, Leppäluoto J, Jämsä T (2005) Effects of high-impact exercise on bone mineral density: a randomized controlled trial in premenopausal women. Osteoporosis Int 16:191–197CrossRef
21.
Baranowski T, Perry CL, Parcel GS (2002) How individuals, environments, and health behavior interact. In: Glanz K Rimer, BK Lewis, FM (Hg.): Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice (3rd edn.).San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, pp 165–184
22.
Dishman RK, Motl RW, Saunders R, Felton G, Ward DS, Dowda M, Pate RR (2004) Self-efficacy partially mediates the effect of a school-based physical-activity intervention among adolescent girls. Prev Med 38:628–636PubMedCrossRef
23.
Hertzler AA, Frary RB (1994) A dietary calcium rapid assessment method (RAM). Top Clin Nutr 9:76–85CrossRef
24.
Sedlak CA, Doheny MO, Jones SL (1998) Osteoporosis prevention in young women. Orthop Nurs 21:53–60
25.
Nicholson P, Alkalay R (2007) Quantitative ultrasound predicts bone mineral density and failure load in human lumbar vertebrae. Clin Biomech 22:623–629CrossRef
26.
Babatunde O, Forsyth J (2012) Quantitative Ultrasound and bone’s response to exercise: a meta-analysis. Bone 53:311–318PubMedCrossRef
27.
Cheng S, Njeh C, Fan B, Cheng X, Hans D, Wang L, Fuerst T, Genant H (2002) Influence of region of interest and bone size on calcaneal BMD: implications for the accuracy of quantitative ultrasound assessments at the calcaneus. Br J Radiol 889:59–68CrossRef
28.
Kohrt WM (2001) Aging and the osteogenic response to mechanical loading. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 11:S137–S142PubMed
29.
Hartard M, Bottermann P, Bartenstein P, Jeschke D, Schwaiger M (1997) Effects on bone mineral density of low-dosed oral contraceptives compared to and combined with physical activity. Contraception 55:87–90PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zaman G, Cheng MZ, Jessop H, White R, Lanyon LE (2000) Mechanical strain activates estrogen response elements in bone cells. Bone 27:233–239PubMedCrossRef
31.
Ehrlich P, Noble B, Jessop H, Stevens H, Mosley J, Lanyon L (2002) The effect of in vivo mechanical loading on estrogen receptor α expression in rat ulnar osteocytes. J Bone Miner Res 17:1646–1655PubMedCrossRef
32.
Burr D, Yoshikawa T, Teegarden D, Lyle R, McCabe G, McCabe L, Weaver C (2000) Exercise and oral contraceptive use suppress the normal age-related increase in bone mass and strength of the femoral neck in women 18–31 years of age. Bone 27:855–863PubMedCrossRef
33.
Srinivasan S, Weimer DA, Agans SC, Bain SD, Gross TS (2002) Low-Magnitude mechanical loading becomes osteogenic when rest is inserted between each load cycle. J Bone Miner Res 17:1613–1620PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
34.
Turner CH, Robling AG (2003) Designing exercise regimens to increase bone strength. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 31:45–50PubMedCrossRef
35.
Bassey E, Ramsdale S (1994) Increase in femoral bone density in young women following high-impact exercise. Osteoporosis Int 4:72–75CrossRef
36.
Bassey E, Rothwell M, Littlewood J, Pye D (1998) Pre- and postmenopausal women have different bone mineral density responses to the same high-impact exercise. J Bone Miner Res 13:1805–1813PubMedCrossRef
37.
Kato T, Terashima T, Yamashita T, Hatanaka Y, Honda A, Umemura Y (2006) Effect of low-repetition jump training on bone mineral density in young women. J Appl Physiol 100:839–843PubMedCrossRef
38.
Strong JE (2004) Effects of Different Jumping Programs on Hip and Spine Bone Mineral Density in Pre-menopausal Women. Doctoral Dissertation. Department of Physical Education Brigham Young University
39.
Witzke KA (2009) Dose-dependent effects and feasibility of a home-based jumping program for bone health in women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 41:289CrossRef
40.
Niu K, Ahola R, Guo H, Korpelainen R, Uchimaru J, Vainionpää A, Sato K, Sakai A, Salo S, Kishimoto K (2010) Effect of office-based brief high-impact exercise on bone mineral density in healthy premenopausal women: the Sendai Bone Health Concept Study. J Bone Miner Metab 28:568–577PubMedCrossRef
41.
Heinonen A, Kannus P, Sievänen H, Oja P, Pasanen M, Rinne M, Uusi-Rasi K, Vuori I (1996) Randomised controlled trial of effect of high-impact exercise on selected risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. Lancet 348:1343–1347PubMedCrossRef
42.
Lanyon LE, Rubin C (1984) Static vs dynamic loads as an influence on bone remodeling. J Biomech 17:897–905PubMedCrossRef
43.
Rubin CT, Lanyon LE (1985) Regulation of bone mass by mechanical strain magnitude. Calcif Tissue Int 37:411–417PubMedCrossRef
44.
Umemura Y, Ishiko T, Yamauchi T, Kurono M, Mashiko S (1997) Five jumps per day increase bone mass and breaking force in rats. J Bone Miner Res 12:1480–1485PubMedCrossRef
45.
Sternfeld B, Ainsworth BE, Quesenberry CP (1999) Physical activity patterns in a diverse population of women. Prev Med 28:313–323PubMedCrossRef
46.
Murphy NM, Ni Dhuinn M, Browne PA, ÓRathaille MM (2006) Physical activity for bone health in inactive teenage girls: is a supervised, teacher-led program or self-led program best? J Adolesc Health 39:508–514PubMedCrossRef
47.
Khan K, McKay H, Kannus R, Bailey D, Wark J. Bennell K (2001) Physical activity and bone health. Champaign: Human Kinetics
Metadata
Title
Effects of lifestyle exercise on premenopausal bone health: a randomised controlled trial
Authors
Opeyemi Babatunde
Jacky Forsyth
Publication date
01-09-2014
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism / Issue 5/2014
Print ISSN: 0914-8779
Electronic ISSN: 1435-5604
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-013-0527-9

Other articles of this Issue 5/2014

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 5/2014 Go to the issue

Original Article

Relationship between autonomic nervous system activity and bone mineral density in non-medicated perimenopausal women

Original Article

Low level irradiation in mice can lead to enhanced trabecular bone morphology

Original Article

Effect of liver dysfunction on circulating sclerostin

Original Article

A susceptibility haplotype within the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene influences bone mineral density in hypertensive women

Original Article

Parathyroid-hormone variance is only marginally explained by a panel of determinants: a cross-sectional study of 909 hip-fracture patients

Review Article

The acid–ash hypothesis revisited: a reassessment of the impact of dietary acidity on bone
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

Read more

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Pediatric Cardiology Video

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

Cardiopulmonary Comorbidity Video

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Valvular Heart Disease Video

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Heart Failure Video

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Heart Failure Video

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch now

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

16-04-2024 Type 2 Diabetes News

Incentivised to exercise

11-04-2024 Lifestyle Modifications News

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

10-04-2024 Myocardial Infarction News

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

Image Credits