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Neuroscience Bulletin
Published in: Neuroscience Bulletin 3/2018

01-06-2018 | Original Article

Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene Associated with the Frontal-Striatal-Cerebellar Loop in Children with ADHD: A Resting-State fMRI Study

Authors: Andan Qian, Xin Wang, Huiru Liu, Jiejie Tao, Jiejie Zhou, Qiong Ye, Jiance Li, Chuang Yang, Jingliang Cheng, Ke Zhao, Meihao Wang

Published in: Neuroscience Bulletin | Issue 3/2018

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Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neuropsychiatric disorder that has been linked to the dopaminergic system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of regulation of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) on functional brain activity during the resting state in ADHD children using the methods of regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed in 49 children with ADHD. All participants were classified as either carriers of the DRD4 4-repeat/4-repeat (4R/4R) allele (n = 30) or the DRD4 2-repeat (2R) allele (n = 19). The results showed that participants with the DRD4 2R allele had decreased ReHo bilaterally in the posterior lobes of the cerebellum, while ReHo was increased in the left angular gyrus. Compared with participants carrying the DRD4 4R/4R allele, those with the DRD4 2R allele showed decreased FC to the left angular gyrus in the left striatum, right inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral lobes of the cerebellum. The increased FC regions included the left superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and rectus gyrus. These data suggest that the DRD4 polymorphisms are associated with localized brain activity and specific functional connections, including abnormality in the frontal-striatal-cerebellar loop. Our study not only enhances the understanding of the correlation between the cerebellar lobes and ADHD, but also provides an imaging basis for explaining the neural mechanisms underlying ADHD in children.
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Metadata
Title
Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene Associated with the Frontal-Striatal-Cerebellar Loop in Children with ADHD: A Resting-State fMRI Study
Authors
Andan Qian
Xin Wang
Huiru Liu
Jiejie Tao
Jiejie Zhou
Qiong Ye
Jiance Li
Chuang Yang
Jingliang Cheng
Ke Zhao
Meihao Wang
Publication date
01-06-2018
Publisher
Springer Singapore
Published in
Neuroscience Bulletin / Issue 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1673-7067
Electronic ISSN: 1995-8218
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-018-0217-7

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