Published in:
01-03-2021 | Original Contribution
Dietary folate intake and metabolic syndrome in participants of PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional study
Authors:
Eva-Maria Navarrete-Muñoz, Jesus Vioque, Estefanía Toledo, Alejando Oncina-Canovas, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Dolores Corella, Montserrat Fitó, Dora Romaguera, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, J. Alfredo Martínez, Luís Serra-Majem, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J. Tinahones, José Lapetra, Xavier Pintó, Josep A. Tur, José López-Miranda, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Pilar Matía-Martín, Lidia Daimiel, Vicente Martín Sánchez, Josep Vidal, Ana Isabel de Cos Blanco, Emili Ros, Javier Diez-Espino, Nancy Babio, Rebeca Fernandez-Carrion, Olga Castañer, Antoni Colom, Laura Compañ-Gabucio, Itziar Salaverria Lete, Edelys Crespo-Oliva, Itziar Abete, Laura Tomaino, Rosa Casas, José Carlos Fernandez-Garcia, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Iziar Sarasa, José M. Gámez, José M. Antonio Garcia-Rios, Sandra Martín-Pelaez, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Andrés Díaz-López, Raul Martinez-Lacruz, Maria Dolors Zomeño, Elena Rayó, Cristina Gisbert Sellés, Silvia Canudas, Albert Goday, Manoli García-de-la-Hera
Published in:
European Journal of Nutrition
|
Issue 2/2021
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Abstract
Purpose
We examined the association between dietary folate intake and a score of MetS (metabolic syndrome) and its components among older adults at higher cardiometabolic risk participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial.
Methods
A cross-sectional analysis with 6633 with overweight/obesity participants with MetS was conducted. Folate intake (per 100 mcg/day and in quintiles) was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We calculated a MetS score using the standardized values as shown in the formula: [(body mass index + waist-to-height ratio)/2] + [(systolic blood pressure + diastolic blood pressure)/2] + plasma fasting glucose–HDL cholesterol + plasma triglycerides. The MetS score as continuous variable and its seven components were the outcome variables. Multiple robust linear regression using MM-type estimator was performed to evaluate the association adjusting for potential confounders.
Results
We observed that an increase in energy-adjusted folate intake was associated with a reduction of MetS score (β for 100 mcg/day = − 0.12; 95% CI: − 0.19 to − 0.05), and plasma fasting glucose (β = − 0.03; 95% CI: − 0.05 to − 0.02) independently of the adherence to Mediterranean diet and other potential confounders. We also found a positive association with HDL-cholesterol (β = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.04–0.10). These associations were also observed when quintiles of energy-adjusted folate intake were used instead.
Conclusion
This study suggests that a higher folate intake may be associated with a lower MetS score in older adults, a lower plasma fasting glucose, and a greater HDL cholesterol in high-risk cardio-metabolic subjects.