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Current Gastroenterology Reports
Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports 6/2011

01-12-2011 | Stomach and Duodenum (Joseph R. Pisegna, Section Editor)

Diagnosis and Management of Pernicious Anemia

Authors: Bruno Annibale, Edith Lahner, Gianfranco Delle Fave

Published in: Current Gastroenterology Reports | Issue 6/2011

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Abstract

Pernicious anemia is a macrocytic anemia due to cobalamin deficiency, which is the result of intrinsic factor deficiency. Pernicious anemia is associated with atrophic body gastritis, whose diagnostic criteria are based on the histologic evidence of gastric body atrophy associated with hypochlorhydria. Serological markers suggesting the presence of oxyntic mucosa damage are increased levels of fasting gastrin and decreased levels of Pepsinogen I. Without the now obsolete Schilling’s test, intrinsic factor deficiency may not be proven, and gastric intrinsic factor output after pentagastric stimulation has been proposed. Intrinsic factor autoantibodies are useful surrogate markers of pernicious anemia. The management of patients with pernicious anemia should focus on the life-long replacement treatment with cobalamin and the monitoring to early diagnose an eventual onset of iron deficiency. Moreover, these patients should be advised about possible gastrointestinal long-term consequences, such as gastric cancer and carcinoids.
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Metadata
Title
Diagnosis and Management of Pernicious Anemia
Authors
Bruno Annibale
Edith Lahner
Gianfranco Delle Fave
Publication date
01-12-2011
Publisher
Current Science Inc.
Published in
Current Gastroenterology Reports / Issue 6/2011
Print ISSN: 1522-8037
Electronic ISSN: 1534-312X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-011-0225-5

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