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Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
Published in: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Dextromethorphan | Research

The behavioral phenotype of children and adolescents with attenuated non-ketotic hyperglycinemia, intermediate to good subtype

Authors: Liesbet D. F. M. Van Hirtum, Tine Van Damme, Johan L. K. Van Hove, Jean G. Steyaert

Published in: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Aim

We aim to describe the behavioral phenotype of children and adolescents with the good to intermediate attenuated form of non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) and to explore associations between the behavioral phenotype and age, sex, plasma glycine levels and drug treatment.

Method

Parents of children with attenuated NKH completed questionnaires assessing maladaptive behavior, adaptive behavior, social communication, speech/language development and motor development in addition to demographic and medical questions.

Results and interpretation

Twelve children, age 6 to 21y, functioned at mild to severe intellectual disability levels. Their speech/language development was in line with their developmental quotient. Relative to their intellectual functioning, their motor development and communication were weaker in comparison to their general development. Their adaptive behavior, however, appeared a relative strength. There was no evidence for autism spectrum disorder occurring more frequently than expected, rather social skills, except for communication, were rated as a relative strength. Maladaptive behaviors with ADHD-like characteristics were present in more than two thirds of children. Maladaptive behaviors were significantly related to female sex and to taking dextromethorphan, but no significant relation between plasma glycine levels and behavior was found. Future studies will need to evaluate causality in the observed relation between dextromethorphan use and maladaptive behaviors. Clinicians should reconsider the benefit of dextromethorphan when presented with disruptive behaviors in children with attenuated NKH.
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Metadata
Title
The behavioral phenotype of children and adolescents with attenuated non-ketotic hyperglycinemia, intermediate to good subtype
Authors
Liesbet D. F. M. Van Hirtum
Tine Van Damme
Johan L. K. Van Hove
Jean G. Steyaert
Publication date
01-12-2024

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