Top

Published in:

01-05-2018 | Original Article

Detecting endomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with giardiasis

Authors: Fateme Hajialiani, Fatemeh Tabatabaie, Lame Akhlaghi, Mahlegha Damercheli

Published in: Comparative Clinical Pathology | Issue 3/2018

Abstract

Celiac disease is a genetic disease diagnosed to be associated with chronic intestinal inflammation. Endomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies are the best serum markers for celiac disease (CD) diagnosis. This research aimed to determine the levels of endomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with giardiasis. Forty cases of giardiasis were selected among the referees to Milad Hospital in Tehran, as well as a children’s hospital and some health centers in Karaj. Euro-immune IgA immunofluorescence and ELISA were utilized to measure their titers of endomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies, respectively. Twenty random serum samples of negative Giardia and 16 serum samples of positive anti-(tissue transglutaminase) tTG antibodies were evaluated by using ELISA and endomysium antibody through immunofluorescence techniques. Among the 40 cases of giardiasis, 16 positive endomysial and transglutaminase antibodies (40%) were detected. Sixteen positive samples of endomysial antibody (EMA) were also positive for anti-tTG, and 20 random negative samples were negative for EMA and anti-tTG. The chi-square test revealed a significant association between antibodies and giardiasis (P = 0.001). Atrophy of the intestinal villi can arise after giardia infection by mimicking the behavioral patterns of anti-EMA and anti-tTG antibodies. Due to low specificity, anti-gliadin antibody test is not helpful in detecting CD in patients with giardiasis. In the present study on anti-EMA and anti-tTG in patients with giardiasis, these antibodies were positive in giardiasis. Thus, the best and most reliable way to diagnose CD and treat giardiasis is intestinal biopsy as the gold standard method.

Aggarwal S, Lebwohl B, Green PH (2012) Screening for celiac disease in average-risk and high-risk populations. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 5(1):37–47CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Antonio C, Francesca C, Giuseppe M, Francesco P, Riccardo T, Giuseppe I (2001) Treatment of giardiasis reverses active coeliac disease to latent coeliac disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 13(9):1101–1105CrossRef

Arigliani M, Morassutti FR, Fabris M, Melli P, Tonutti EPC (2017) Coeliac disease in infants: antibodies to deamidated gliadin peptide come first! Ital J Pediatr 43:70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-017-0392-6 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Armstrong D, Don-Wauchope Andrew C, Verdu Elena F (2011) Testing for gluten-related disorders in clinical practice: the role of serology in managing the spectrum of gluten sensitivity. Can J Gastroenterol 25(4):193–197CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Carroccio A, Cavataio F, Montalto G, Paparo F, Troncone R, Iacono G (2001) Treatment of giardiasis reverses “active” coeliac disease to “latent” coeliac disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 13(9):1101–1105CrossRefPubMed

Edling L, Rathsman S, Eriksson S, Bohr J (2012) Celiac disease and giardiasis: a case report. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 24(8):984–987. https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0b013e328354f3f5 CrossRefPubMed

Farrell RJ, Kelly CP (2002) Celiac sprue. N Engl J Med 346(3):180–188. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra010852 CrossRefPubMed

Granito A, Muratori L, Muratori P, Petrolini N, Bianchi FB, Volta U (2004) Antitransglutaminase antibodies and giardiasis. Am J Gastroenterol 99(12):2505–2506. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.41389_9.x CrossRefPubMed

Hanevik K, Hausken T, Morken MH, Strand EA, Mrch K, Coll P, Helgeland L, Langeland N (2007) Persisting symptoms and duodenal inflammation related to Giardia duodenalis infection. J Infect 55(6):524–530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2007.09.004 CrossRefPubMed

Hill ID, Dirks MH, Liptak GS, Colletti RB, Fasano A, Guandalini S, Hoffenberg EJ, Horvath K, Murray JA, Pivor M, Seidman EG, North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (2005) Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease in children: recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology. Hepatol Nutr J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 40(1):1–19. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005176-200501000-00001 CrossRef

Karnsakul W, Skitarelic K, Gillespie S, Arkachaisri T (2012) Isolated positive anti-gliadin immunoglobin-A antibody in children with gastrointestinal symptoms. Turk J Gastroenterol 23(5):485–489. https://doi.org/10.4318/tjg.2012.0317 CrossRefPubMed

Ludvigsson JF, Leffler DA, Bai JC, Biagi F, Fasano A, Green PH et al (2013) The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms. Gut 62(1):43–52. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301346 CrossRefPubMed

Mastropasqua E, Rolandi R, Farruggio A, Lirussi F (2003) Giardia duodenalis: a confounding factor for the diagnosis of celiac disease. J Clin Gastroenterol 36(2):185–186. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004836-200302000-00023 CrossRefPubMed

Parizade M, Shainb B (2010) Positive deamidated gliadin peptide antibodies and negative tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies in a pediatric population: to biopsy or not to biopsy. CVI 17(5):884–886. https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00425-09 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sanders DS, Hurlstone DP, Stokes RO, Rashid F, Milford-Ward A, Hadjivassiliou M, Lobo AJ (2002) Changing face of adult coeliac disease: experience of a single university hospital in South Yorkshire. Postgrad Med J 78:31–33CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sategna G, Solerio E, Scaglione N, Aimo G, Mengozzi G (2001) Duration of gluten exposure in adult coeliac disease does not correlate with the risk for autoimmune disorders. Gut 49(4):502–505CrossRefPubMedCentral

Schuppan D, Zimmer KP (2013) The diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease. Dtsch Arztebl Int 110(49):835–846PubMedPubMedCentral

Shahbazkhani B, Malekzadeh R, Sotoudeh M, Moghadam KF, Farhadi M, Ansari R (2003) High prevalence of coeliac disease in apparently healthy Iranian blood donors. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 15(5):475–478. https://doi.org/10.1097/00042737-200305000-00003 CrossRefPubMed

Sorell L, Garrote JA, Galvan JA, Velazco C, Edrosa CR, Arranz E (2004) Celiac disease diagnosis in patients with giardiasis: high value of antitransglutaminase antibodies. Am J Gastroenterol 99(7):1330–1332. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.30906.x CrossRefPubMed

Swallow K, Wild G, Sargur R, Sanders DS, Aziz I, Hopper AD, Egner W (2013) Quality not quantity for transglutaminase antibody 2: the performance of an endomysial and tissue transglutaminase test in screening coeliac disease remains stable over time. Clin Exp Immunol 171(1):100–106CrossRefPubMed

Wakim-Fleming J, Pagadala MR, Lemyre MS, Lopez R, Kumaravel A, Carey WD, Zein NN (2013) Diagnosis of celiac disease in adults based on serology test results, without small-bowel biopsy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 11(5):511–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2012.12.015 CrossRefPubMed

Title: Detecting endomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with giardiasis
Authors: Fateme Hajialiani
Fatemeh Tabatabaie
Lame Akhlaghi
Mahlegha Damercheli
Publication date: 01-05-2018
Publisher: Springer London
Published in: Comparative Clinical Pathology / Issue 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1618-5641
Electronic ISSN: 1618-565X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2646-0

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Detecting endomysial and tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with giardiasis

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 3/2018

Is vitamin D supplement accompanied with narrow band UVB effective for treatment of vitiligo?

A study of hematologic and biochemical profile in female dromedary camels during the breeding and non-breeding seasons

Renaut bodies in the hind limb nerves of cattle with downer cow syndrome

Protective potential of Tetrapleura tetraptera against trona (kaun)-induced hepatic injury in rat models

Upregulation of two human microRNAs which might be involved in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal cancer and that are promising for biomarker development

Effects of atorvastatin on myocardial oxidative and nitrosative stress in diabetic rats