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01-08-2020 | Denture | Original Article

Flexural strength, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity of a polymethyl methacrylate denture resin enhanced with graphene and silver nanoparticles

Authors: Cecilia Bacali, Ioana Baldea, Marioara Moldovan, Rahela Carpa, Diana Elena Olteanu, Gabriela Adriana Filip, Vivi Nastase, Liana Lascu, Mandra Badea, Mariana Constantiniuc, Florin Badea

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 8/2020

Abstract

Objective

The study evaluates the effect of adding graphene-Ag nanoparticles (G-AgNp) to a PMMA auto-polymerizing resin, with focus on antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, monomer release, and mechanical properties.

Materials and methods

Auto-polymerizing acrylic resin (M) was loaded with 1 wt% G-AgNp (P1) and 2 wt% G-AgNp (P2). Methyl methacrylate monomer release (MMA) was measured after immersion of the samples in chloroform and cell medium respectively. Cell viability was assessed on dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK) and dental pulp stem cells. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response following exposure of dysplastic oral keratinocytes to the experimental resins was evaluated. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli and also flexural strength of the resins were assessed.

Results

Residual monomer: For samples immersed in chloroform, MMA concentration reached high levels, 10.27 μg/g for sample P1; MMA increased at higher G-AgNp loading; 0.63 μg/g MMA was found in medium for P1, and less for sample P2. Cell viability: Both cell lines displayed a viability decrease, but remained above 75%, compared to controls, when exposed to undiluted samples. Inflammation: proinflammatory molecule TNF-α decreased when DOK cultures were exposed to G-AgNp samples. MDA levels indicated increased oxidative stress damage in cells treated with PMMA, confirmed by the antioxidant mechanism activation, while samples containing G-AgNp induced an antioxidant effect. All tested samples showed antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria. Samples containing G-AgNp also exhibited bactericide action on E. coli. Mechanical properties: both samples containing G-AgNp improved flexural strength compared to the sample resin, measured through elastic strength parameters.

Conclusions

PMMA resin loaded with G-AgNp presents promising antibacterial activity associated with minimal toxicity to human cells, in vitro, as well as improved flexural properties.

Clinical relevance

These encouraging results obtained in vitro support further in vivo investigation, to thoroughly check whether the PMMA loaded with graphene-silver nanoparticles constitute an improvement over current denture materials.

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Title: Flexural strength, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity of a polymethyl methacrylate denture resin enhanced with graphene and silver nanoparticles
Authors: Cecilia Bacali
Ioana Baldea
Marioara Moldovan
Rahela Carpa
Diana Elena Olteanu
Gabriela Adriana Filip
Vivi Nastase
Liana Lascu
Mandra Badea
Mariana Constantiniuc
Florin Badea
Publication date: 01-08-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Denture
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 8/2020
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03133-2

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Flexural strength, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity of a polymethyl methacrylate denture resin enhanced with graphene and silver nanoparticles

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusions

Clinical relevance

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