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Clinical Rheumatology
Published in: Clinical Rheumatology 2/2021

Open Access 01-02-2021 | Dengue Virus | Original Article

Lower risk of primary Sjogren’s syndrome in patients with dengue virus infection: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan

Authors: Chi-Ching Chang, Yu-Chun Yen, Cheng-Yi Lee, Chiou-Feng Lin, Chao-Ching Huang, Ching Wen Tsai, Ting-Wu Chuang, Chyi-Huey Bai

Published in: Clinical Rheumatology | Issue 2/2021

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Abstract

The data concerning the association between dengue viruses (DV) infection and autoimmune diseases (ADs) remain unclear and are scarce. This nationwide population-based cohort study assessed the risk of ADs among patients with DV infection. We analyzed Taiwanese medical data from the Registry of the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System of Taiwan’s Centers for Disease Control between 1998 and 2015 and identified patients with DV infection. From the entire general population data in the National Health Insurance Research Database, we randomly selected a comparison cohort that was individual matching by age, sex, residence, and index date. We analyzed the risk of ADs using a Cox proportional hazards regression model stratified by sex, age, and residence. We enrolled 29,365 patients with DV infection (50.68% men; mean age, 44.13 years) and 117,460 age-, sex-, and residence-matched controls in the present study. The incidence rates of organ-specific ADs were nonsignificantly higher in the DV cohort than in the non-DV control cohort. An approximately 70% lower risk of primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) was evident in the DV cohort than in the non-DV control cohort with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.30 (95% confidence interval 0.13–0.67) after adjusting for comorbidities in matched design. By contrast, the other systemic ADs were nonsignificantly lower in the DV cohort than in the non-DV control cohort. This nationwide long-term cohort study demonstrated that patients with DV infection had a lower risk of primary Sjogren syndrome than those without DV infection.
Key Points
• This retrospective, longitudinal cohort observational study shows that patients with DV infection had a lower risk of pSS than those without DV infection.
• The DV cohort had an approximately 70% lower risk of pSS than the control group, with a multivariate-adjusted HR of 0.30.
• On the basis of this result, we contended that DV infection has a protective effect that reduces the risk of pSS.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Lower risk of primary Sjogren’s syndrome in patients with dengue virus infection: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan
Authors
Chi-Ching Chang
Yu-Chun Yen
Cheng-Yi Lee
Chiou-Feng Lin
Chao-Ching Huang
Ching Wen Tsai
Ting-Wu Chuang
Chyi-Huey Bai
Publication date
01-02-2021
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Keyword
Dengue Virus
Published in
Clinical Rheumatology / Issue 2/2021
Print ISSN: 0770-3198
Electronic ISSN: 1434-9949
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05282-2

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