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Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
Published in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology 3/2012

01-06-2012

Cutting Edge Issues in Autoimmune Hepatitis

Authors: Diego Vergani, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani

Published in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology | Issue 3/2012

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Abstract

Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory liver disease affecting mainly females and characterised histologically by interface hepatitis, biochemically by elevated transaminase levels and serologically by circulating autoantibodies and increased levels of immunoglobulin G. Autoimmune hepatitis responds to immunosuppressive treatment, which should be instituted as soon as diagnosis is made. Seropositivity for smooth muscle and/or antinuclear antibody defines type 1 autoimmune hepatitis, while positivity for liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody defines type 2 autoimmune hepatitis. The aetiology of autoimmune hepatitis is unknown, though both genetic and environmental factors are involved in its expression. The major mechanism of liver damage involves immune reactions against host liver antigens that are not adequately controlled by defective regulatory T cells. Current research aiming at potentiating regulatory T cell function in vitro to reconstitute tolerance in vivo has given promising results.
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Metadata
Title
Cutting Edge Issues in Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors
Diego Vergani
Giorgina Mieli-Vergani
Publication date
01-06-2012
Publisher
Humana Press Inc
Published in
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology / Issue 3/2012
Print ISSN: 1080-0549
Electronic ISSN: 1559-0267
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-010-8236-9

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