Top

Child's Nervous System

Published in:

31-01-2024 | Craniosynostosis | Research

Evaluation of neurocognitive and social developments after craniosynostosis surgery

Authors: Yiğit Aksoğan, Pelin Kuzucu, Azime Ş. Soysal Acar, Merve Büke Şahin, Kıvılcım Gücüyener, Alp Ö. Börcek

Published in: Child's Nervous System | Issue 5/2024

Abstract

Objective

The study focused on assessing the potential neurocognitive and social developmental issues in children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) who received optimal surgical treatment. The primary objective was to determine whether NSC, even after optimal surgical treatment, could have negative effects on brain development.

Methods

The study included a total of 73 pediatric patients aged between 2 and 6 years who had previously undergone surgery for NSC at the Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery. These patients were carefully matched with 107 healthy children who visited the outpatient clinic of the same department in terms of sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender, and social status. To assess the neurocognitive and social development of the participants, the child psychologist administered a developmental scale to the child and his/her family via video conference. This scale was adapted from the Bayley-III Infant and Child Development Scale by the Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology.

Results

The study found no social or gross motor developmental issues in patients who had undergone optimal surgical treatment for NSC. However, the risk of fine motor developmental deficiencies was 4.79 times higher than that of the normal population, and the risk of language developmental deficiencies was 5.75 times higher than that of the normal population.

Conclusions

Despite timely treatment of NSC, long-term neurocognitive and social development issues may arise in affected children. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor these patients after completing surgical treatment and thoroughly examine their development using a multidisciplinary approach.

Baykaner M, Erşahin Y, Mutluer M, Özek M (eds) (2014) Pediatrik Nöroşirürji. Türk Nöroşirürji Derneği Yayınları, Ankara. ISBN 978-605-4149-13-1

Becker DB, Petersen JD, Kane AA, Cradock MM, Pilgram TK, Marsh JL (2005) Speech, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 116:400–407. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000172763.71043.b8CrossRefPubMed

Kajdic N, Spazzapan P, Velnar T (2018) Craniosynostosis - recognition, clinical characteristics, and treatment. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 18:110–116. https://doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2017.2083CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Da Costa AC, Anderson VA, Savarirayan R, Wrennall JA, Chong DK, Holmes AD, Greensmith AL, Meara JG (2012) Neurodevelopmental functioning of infants with untreated single-suture craniosynostosis during early infancy. Childs Nerv Syst 28:869–877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-011-1660-1CrossRefPubMed

Speltz ML, Collett BR, Wallace ER, Kapp-Simon K (2016) Behavioral adjustment of school-age children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 138:435–445. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000002383CrossRefPubMed

Starr JR, Collett BR, Gaither R, Kapp-Simon KA, Cradock MM, Cunningham ML, Speltz ML (2012) Multicenter study of neurodevelopment in 3-year-old children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 166:536–542. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.1800CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Starr JR, Kapp-Simon KA, Cloonan YK, Collett BR, Cradock MM, Buono L, Cunningham ML, Speltz ML (2007) Presurgical and postsurgical assessment of the neurodevelopment of infants with single-suture craniosynostosis: comparison with controls. J Neurosurg 107:103–110. https://doi.org/10.3171/PED-07/08/103CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Speltz ML, Kapp-Simon K, Collett B, Keich Y, Gaither R, Cradock MM, Buono L, Cunningham ML (2007) Neurodevelopment of infants with single-suture craniosynostosis: presurgery comparisons with case-matched controls. Plast Reconstr Surg 119:1874–1881. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000259184.88265.3fCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Magge SN, Westerveld M, Pruzinsky T, Persing JA (2002) Long-term neuropsychological effects of sagittal craniosynostosis on child development. J Craniofac Surg 13:99–104. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001665-200201000-00023CrossRefPubMed

10.

Virtanen R, Korhonen T, Fagerholm J, Viljanto J (1999) Neurocognitive sequelae of scaphocephaly. Pediatrics 103:791–795. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.103.4.791CrossRefPubMed

11.

Sarıpınar EG, Soysal-Acar AŞ (2018) Oyun Döneminde Gelişimin Değerlendirilmesi. In: Oyun Dönemi Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları. Türkiye Çocuk ve Genç Psikiyatrisi Derneği Yayınları, Ankara, pp 559–570. ISBN 978-9944-0538-9-1

12.

Elbasan B, Kocyigit MF, Soysal-Acar AS, Atalay Y, Gucuyener K (2017) The Effects of family-centered physiotherapy on the cognitive and motor performance in premature infants. Infant Behav Dev 49:214–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.09.007CrossRefPubMed

13.

Çeli̇k P, Ayranci Sucakli İ, Yakut Hİ (2020) Which bayley-III cut-off values should be used in different developmental levels? Turk J Med Sci 50:764–770. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1910-69CrossRefPubMed

14.

Anderson PJ, Burnett A (2017) Assessing developmental delay in early childhood - concerns with the bayley-III scales. Clin Neuropsychol 31:371–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2016.1216518CrossRefPubMed

15.

Spencer-Smith MM, Spittle AJ, Lee KJ, Doyle LW, Anderson PJ (2015) Bayley-III cognitive and language scales in preterm children. Pediatrics 135:e1258-1265. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-3039CrossRefPubMed

16.

Kozina W (1967) Neurologic and psychic changes in craniostenosis in children. Wiad Lek 20:527–529PubMed

17.

Müke R, Boldemann M (1969) Mental development and craniostenosis. Nervenarzt 40:228–232PubMed

18.

Andersson H, Gomes SP (1968) Craniosynostosis review of the literature and indications for surgery. Acta Paediatr 57:47–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1968.tb07285.xCrossRef

19.

Renier D, Sainte-Rose C, Marchac D, Hirsch JF (1982) Intracranial pressure in craniostenosis. J Neurosurg 57:370–377. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1982.57.3.0370CrossRefPubMed

20.

Whittle IR, Johnston IH, Besser M (1984) Intracranial pressure changes in craniostenosis. Surg Neurol 21:367–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(84)90116-2CrossRefPubMed

21.

Marchac D, Renier D (1989) Craniosynostosis. World J Surg 13:358–365. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01660748CrossRefPubMed

22.

Marchac D, Renier D (1987) Treatment of craniosynostosis in infancy. Clin Plast Surg 14:61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-1298(20)30697-0CrossRefPubMed

23.

Shipster C, Hearst D, Somerville A, Stackhouse J, Hayward R, Wade A (2003) Speech, language, and cognitive development in children with isolated sagittal synostosis. Dev Med Child Neurol 45:34–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00857.xCrossRefPubMed

24.

Kapp-Simon KA, Figueroa A, Jocher CA, Schafer M (1993) Longitudinal assessment of mental development in infants with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis with and without cranial release and reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 92:831–839; discussion 840-841. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-012-2017-0CrossRefPubMed

25.

Kapp-Simon KA (1998) Mental development and learning disorders in children with single suture craniosynostosis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 35:197–203. https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0197_mdaldi_2.3.co_2CrossRefPubMed

26.

Arnaud E, Renier D, Marchac D (1995) Prognosis for mental function in scaphocephaly. J Neurosurg 83:476–479. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1995.83.3.0476CrossRefPubMed

27.

Snyder H, Pope AW (2010) Psychosocial adjustment in children and adolescents with a craniofacial anomaly: diagnosis-specific patterns. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 47:264–272. https://doi.org/10.1597/08-227.1CrossRefPubMed

28.

Sidoti EJ, Marsh JL, Marty-Grames L, Noetzel MJ (1996) Long-term studies of metopic synostosis: frequency of cognitive impairment and behavioral disturbances. Plast Reconstr Surg 97:276–281. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199602000-00002CrossRefPubMed

29.

Aldridge K, Marsh JL, Govier D, Richtsmeier JT (2002) Central nervous system phenotypes in craniosynostosis. J Anat 201:31–39. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00074.xCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

30.

Poulain T, Vogel M, Kiess W (2020) Review on the role of socioeconomic status in child health and development. Curr Opin Pediatr 32:308–314. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000876CrossRefPubMed

31.

Abufhele A, Contreras D, Puentes E, Telias A, Valdebenito N (2022) Socioeconomic gradients in child development: evidence from a chilean longitudinal study 2010–2017. Adv Life Course Res 52:100451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2021.100451CrossRefPubMed

32.

Houweling TAJ, Oude Groeniger J, Jansen PW, van Lier P, Horoz N, Buil M, van Lenthe FJ (2022) Trajectories of socioeconomic inequality in early child development: a cohort analysis. Int J Equity Health 21:79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-022-01675-8CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

33.

Musić Milanović S, Lang Morović M, Križan H, Pezer M, Seferović J, Missoni S (2020) Exploring the effect of socioeconomic development on child growth in posttransitional croatia: a cross-sectional study. Int J Public Health 65:1299–1307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01424-0CrossRefPubMed

34.

Chieffo D, Tamburrini G, Massimi L, Di Giovanni S, Giansanti C, Caldarelli M, Di Rocco C (2010) Long-Term neuropsychological development in single-suture craniosynostosis treated early. J Neurosurg Pediatr 5:232–237. https://doi.org/10.3171/2009.10.PEDS09231CrossRefPubMed

35.

Osborn AJ, Roberts RM, Mathias JL, Anderson PJ, Flapper WJ (2019) Cognitive, behavioral and psychological functioning in children with metopic synostosis: a meta-analysis examining the impact of surgical status. Child Neuropsychol 25:263–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2018.1441821CrossRefPubMed

36.

Kapp-Simon KA, Collett BR, Barr-Schinzel MA, Cradock MM, Buono LA, Pietila KE, Speltz ML (2012) Behavioral adjustment of toddler and preschool-aged children with single-suture craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 130:635–647. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e31825dc18bCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

37.

Moreno-Villagómez J, Yáñez-Téllez MG, Prieto-Corona B, Seubert-Ravelo AN, García A (2020) Behavioral disorders of preschool children with non-syndromic craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg 31:147–149. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000006008CrossRefPubMed

38.

Naran S, Miller M, Shakir S, Ware B, Camison L, Ford M, Goldstein J, Losee JE (2017) Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis and associated abnormal speech and language development. Plast Reconstr Surg 140:62e–69e. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000003423CrossRefPubMed

39.

Kapp-Simon KA, Wallace E, Collett BR, Cradock MM, Crerand CE, Speltz ML (2016) Language, learning, and memory in children with and without single-suture craniosynostosis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 17:578–588. https://doi.org/10.3171/2015.9.PEDS15238CrossRefPubMed

40.

Speltz ML (2004) Single-suture craniosynostosis: a review of neurobehavioral research and theory. J Pediatr Psychol 29:651–668. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsh068CrossRefPubMed

41.

Chieffo DPR, Arcangeli V, Bianchi F, Salerni A, Massimi L, Frassanito P, Tamburrini G (2020) Single-suture craniosynostosis: is there a correlation between preoperative ophthalmological, neuroradiological, and neurocognitive findings? Childs Nerv Syst 36:1481–1488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-020-04521-wCrossRefPubMed

42.

Kunz M, Lehner M, Heger A, Armbruster L, Weigand H, Mast G, Peraud A (2014) Neurodevelopmental and esthetic results in children after surgical correction of metopic suture synostosis: a single institutional experience. Childs Nerv Syst 30:1075–1082. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-013-2340-0CrossRefPubMed

Title: Evaluation of neurocognitive and social developments after craniosynostosis surgery
Authors: Yiğit Aksoğan
Pelin Kuzucu
Azime Ş. Soysal Acar
Merve Büke Şahin
Kıvılcım Gücüyener
Alp Ö. Börcek
Publication date: 31-01-2024
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Craniosynostosis
Published in: Child's Nervous System / Issue 5/2024
Print ISSN: 0256-7040
Electronic ISSN: 1433-0350
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-024-06303-0

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Evaluation of neurocognitive and social developments after craniosynostosis surgery

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 5/2024

Spontaneous thrombosis of high flow pediatric arteriovenous fistulae: Case series of two patients and a comprehensive literature review

Natural history of Chiari I malformation with syrinx and dilatation of the central canal in the pediatric population: the CHEO experience

Germline BRCA2 pathogenic variants in pediatric ganglioglioma: Case report and review of the literature

Neurovascular considerations in patients with Down syndrome and moyamoya syndrome

Postoperative shunt failure following hemispherectomy in pediatric patients with pre-existing hydrocephalus

The prepontine block and its relevance for the development and treatment of hydrocephalus