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European Radiology
Published in: European Radiology 8/2022

17-03-2022 | Computed Tomography | Head and Neck

A computed tomography–based radiomics signature for predicting expression of programmed death ligand 1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Authors: Ying-mei Zheng, Ming-gang Yuan, Rui-qing Zhou, Feng Hou, Jin-feng Zhan, Nai-dong Liu, Da-peng Hao, Cheng Dong

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 8/2022

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Abstract

Objectives

Accurate prediction of the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) before immunotherapy is crucial. This study was performed to construct and validate a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT)–based radiomics signature to predict the expression of PD-L1 in HNSCC.

Methods

In total, 157 patients with confirmed HNSCC who underwent CECT scans and immunohistochemical examination of tumor PD-L1 expression were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into a training set (n = 104; 62 PD-L1–positive and 42 PD-L1–negative) and an external validation set (n = 53; 34 PD-L1–positive and 19 PD-L1–negative). A radiomics signature was constructed from radiomics features extracted from the CECT images, and a radiomics score was calculated. Performance of the radiomics signature was assessed using receiver operating characteristics analysis.

Results

Nine features were finally selected to construct the radiomics signature. The performance of the radiomics signature to distinguish between a PD-L1–positive and PD-L1–negative status in both the training and validation sets was good, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.852 and 0.802 for the training and validation sets, respectively.

Conclusions

A CECT–based radiomics signature was constructed to predict the expression of PD-L1 in HNSCC. This model showed favorable predictive efficacy and might be useful for identifying patients with HNSCC who can benefit from anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.

Key Points

• Accurate prediction of the expression of PD-L1 in HNSCC before immunotherapy is crucial.
• A CECT–based radiomics signature showed favorable predictive efficacy in estimation of the PD-L1 expression status in patients with HNSCC.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
A computed tomography–based radiomics signature for predicting expression of programmed death ligand 1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors
Ying-mei Zheng
Ming-gang Yuan
Rui-qing Zhou
Feng Hou
Jin-feng Zhan
Nai-dong Liu
Da-peng Hao
Cheng Dong
Publication date
17-03-2022
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 8/2022
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-022-08651-4

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