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Clinical Oral Investigations
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations 9/2017

01-12-2017 | Original Article

Comparison of the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -9 on bone formation in rat calvarial critical-size defects

Authors: Toshiaki Nakamura, Yoshinori Shirakata, Yukiya Shinohara, Richard J. Miron, Kozue Hasegawa-Nakamura, Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi, Kazuyuki Noguchi

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 9/2017

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Abstract

Objectives

Among bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family members, BMP-2 and BMP-9 have demonstrated potent osteoinductive potential. However, in vivo differences in their potential for bone regeneration remain unclear. The present study aimed to compare the effects of recombinant human (rh) BMP-2 and rhBMP-9 on bone formation in rat calvarial critical-size defects (CSD).

Materials and methods

Twenty-eight Wistar rats surgically received two calvarial defects bilaterally in each parietal bone. Defects (n = 56) were allocated into four groups: absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) alone, rhBMP-2 with ACS (rhBMP-2/ACS), rhBMP-9/ACS, or sham surgery (control), on the condition that the treatments of rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS, or the same treatments were not included in the same animal. Animals were sacrificed at 2 and 8 weeks post-surgery. The calvarial defects were analyzed for bone volume (BV) by micro-computed tomography and for percentages of defect closure (DC/DL), newly formed bone area (NBA/TA), bone marrow area (BMA/NBA), adipose tissue area (ATA/NBA), central bone height (CBH), and marginal bone height (MBH) by histomorphometric analysis.

Results

The BV in the rhBMP-2/ACS group (5.44 ± 3.65 mm3, n = 7) was greater than the other groups at 2 weeks post-surgery, and the rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS groups (18.17 ± 2.51 and 16.30 ± 2.46 mm3, n = 7, respectively) demonstrated significantly greater amounts of BV compared with the control and ACS groups (6.02 ± 2.90 and 9.30 ± 2.75 mm3, n = 7, respectively) at 8 weeks post-surgery. The rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS groups significantly induced new bone formation compared to the control and ACS groups at 8 weeks post-surgery. However, there were no statistically significant differences found between the rhBMP-2/ACS and rhBMP-9/ACS groups in any of the histomorphometric parameters. The ATA/NBA in the rhBMP-2/ACS group (9.24 ± 3.72%, n = 7) was the highest among the treatment groups at 8 weeks post-surgery.

Conclusions

Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that rhBMP-2/ACS induced a slight early increase in new bone formation at 2 weeks and that rhBMP-9/ACS provided comparable new bone formation to rhBMP-2/ACS with less adipose tissues after a healing period of 8 weeks in rat CSD.

Clinical relevance

RhBMP-9/ACS treatment provided new bone formation with less adipose tissues compared with rhBMP-2/ACS.
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Metadata
Title
Comparison of the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -9 on bone formation in rat calvarial critical-size defects
Authors
Toshiaki Nakamura
Yoshinori Shirakata
Yukiya Shinohara
Richard J. Miron
Kozue Hasegawa-Nakamura
Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
Kazuyuki Noguchi
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 9/2017
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2069-3

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