Top

Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie

Published in:

01-01-2022 | Original Article

Comparative analysis of passive play and torque expression in self-ligating and traditional lingual brackets

Authors: Paolo Albertini, Valentina Mazzanti, Prof. Francesco Mollica, Prof. Luca Lombardo, Prof. Giuseppe Siciliani

Published in: Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Introduction

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the play and torque expression of self-ligating and conventionally ligated lingual brackets, with square and rectangular slots, when engaged with archwires of different size, cross section and material.

Methods

Passive play and torque expression of 3 types of archwires and 5 types of brackets from four different manufacturers were measured and compared using a dynamometer. Each archwire was tested five times in each bracket; passive play was compared to ideal values, while torque expression was tested at 5, 10 and 20 Nmm as clinically efficacious values.

Results

Regarding full thickness stainless steel archwires, the lowest passive play was found in STb brackets (2.66 ± 0.89°, Ormco, Glendora, CA, USA), which was statistically significantly lower than for ALIAS brackets (4.44 ± 0.75°, Ormco), In-Ovation L brackets (6.14 ± 3.22°, Dentsply GAC, Bohemia, NY, USA), Harmony brackets (7.76 ± 2.94°, American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, WI, USA) and eBrace brackets (9.46 ± 3.94°, Riton Biomaterial, Guangzhou, China). Increasing the torsional load to the greatest torsional load clinically applicable, there were no statistically significant differences between STb, ALIAS, In-Ovation L and Harmony brackets.

Conclusions

STb and ALIAS brackets generated the lowest passive play; STb and In-Ovation L brackets showed the lowest angle of play at the greatest torque expression. These measurements allow to understand the accuracy of lingual systems and at the same time the amount of overcorrections to be applied in the setup in order to obtain high quality orthodontic treatments.

Archambault A, Major TW, Carey JP, Heo G, Badawi H, Major PW (2010) A comparison of torque expression between stainless steel, titanium molybdenum alloy, and copper nickel titanium wires in metallic self-ligating brackets. Angle Orthod 80:884–889CrossRef

Badawi HM, Toogood RW, Carey JPR, Heo G, Major PW (2008) Torque expression of self-ligating brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 133:721–728CrossRef

Burstone CJ (1966) The mechanics of the segmented arch techniques. Angle Orthod 36:99–120PubMed

Chen SS, Greenlee GM, Kim JE, Smith CL, Huang GJ (2010) Systematic review of self-ligating brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 137:726:e1–8

Creekmore T (1989) Lingual orthodontics—its renaissance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 96:120–137CrossRef

Daratsianos N, Bourauel C, Fimmers R, Jager A, Schwestka-Polly R (2015) In vitro biomechanical analysis of torque capabilities of various 0.018″ lingual bracket-wire systems: total torqueplay and slot size. Eur J Orthod 38:459–469CrossRef

Ehsani S, Mandich MA, El-Bialy TH, Flores-Mir C (2009) Frictional resistance in self-ligating orthodontic brackets and conventionally ligated brackets. A systematic review. Angle Orthod 79:592–601CrossRef

Germane N, Bentley BE Jr, Isaacson RJ (1989) Three biologic variables modifying faciolingual tooth angulation by straight-wire appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 96:312–319CrossRef

Gmyrek H, Bourauel C, Richter G, Harzer W (2002) Torque capacity of metal and plastic brackets with reference to materials, application, technology and biomechanics. J Orofac Orthop 63:113–128CrossRef

10.

Harradine NW (2008) The history and development of self-ligating brackets. Semin Orthod 14:5–18CrossRef

11.

Harzer W, Bourauel C, Gmyrek H (2004) Torque capacity of metal and polycarbonate brackets with and without a metal slot. Eur J Orthod 26:435–441CrossRef

12.

Huang Y, Keilig L, Rahimi A, Reimann S, Eliades T, Jäger A et al (2009) Numeric modeling of torque capabilities of self-ligating and conventional brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 136:638–643CrossRef

13.

Lombardo L, Arreghini A, Bratti E, Mollica F, Spedicato G, Merlin M et al (2015) Comparative analysis of real and ideal wire-slot play in square and rectangular archwires. Angle Orthod 85:848–858CrossRef

14.

Major TW, Carey JP, Nobes DS, Heo G, Major PW (2011) Mechanical effects of third-order movement in self-ligated brackets by the measurement of torque expression. Am J Orthod 139:e31–44CrossRef

15.

Major TW, Carey JP, Nobes DS, Heo G, Melenka GW, Major PW (2013) An investigation into the mechanical characteristics of select self-ligated brackets at a series of clinically relevant maximum torquing angles: loading and unloading curves and bracket deformation. Eur J Orthod 35:719–729CrossRef

16.

Melenka GW, Lacoursiere RA, Carey JP, Nobes DS, Heo G, Major PW (2014) Comparison of deformation and torque expression of the orthos and orthos Ti bracket systems. Eur J Orthod 36(4):381–388CrossRef

17.

Meling TR, Odegaard J, Meling E (1997) On mechanical properties of square and rectangular stainless steel wires tested in torsion. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 111:310–320CrossRef

18.

Meling TR, Ødegaard J, Seqner D (1998) On bracket slot height: a methodologic study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 113:387–393PubMed

19.

Morina E, Eliades T, Pandis N, Jäger A, Bourauel C (2008) Torque expression of self-ligating brackets com- pared with conventional metallic, ceramic, and plas-tic brackets. Eur J Orthod 30:233–238CrossRef

20.

Rauch ED (1959) Torque and its application to orthodontics. Am J Orthod 45:817–830CrossRef

21.

Reitan K (1967) Clinical and histologic observations on tooth movement during and after orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod 53:721–745CrossRef

22.

Thurow RC (1982) Edgewise orthodontics, 4th edn. Mosby, St Louis, p 327

23.

Zimmer B, Sino H (2018) Coordinating bracket torque and incisor inclination : Part 1: The development of widely applicable equations. J Orofac Orthop 79(3:157–167CrossRef

Title: Comparative analysis of passive play and torque expression in self-ligating and traditional lingual brackets
Authors: Paolo Albertini
Valentina Mazzanti
Prof. Francesco Mollica
Prof. Luca Lombardo
Prof. Giuseppe Siciliani
Publication date: 01-01-2022
Publisher: Springer Medizin
Published in: Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie / Issue 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1434-5293
Electronic ISSN: 1615-6714
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-021-00314-1

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Comparative analysis of passive play and torque expression in self-ligating and traditional lingual brackets

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2022

Effects of Danggui-Shaoyao-San on depression- and anxiety-like behaviors of rats induced by experimental tooth movement

Friction behavior of the wire material Gummetal®

Elution study of acrylic monomers from orthodontic materials using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Role of chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) in mechanical stress protection of periodontal ligament cells

Mitteilungen der DGKFO

Correction to: Effects of sodium chloride on the gene expression profile of periodontal ligament fibroblasts during tensile strain