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Journal of Inflammation
Published in: Journal of Inflammation 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Chorioamnionitis (ChA) modifies CX3CL1 (fractalkine) production by human amniotic epithelial cells (HAEC) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions

Authors: Dariusz Szukiewicz, Jan Kochanowski, Tarun Kumar Mittal, Michal Pyzlak, Grzegorz Szewczyk, Krzysztof Cendrowski

Published in: Journal of Inflammation | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Background

Chemokine CX3CL1 possesses unique properties, including combined adhesive and chemotactic functions. Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAEC) show expression of CX3CL1 receptor (CX3CR1) and produce CX3CL1 in response to both physiologic and pathologic stimuli. Chorioamnionitis (ChA) is a common complication of pregnancy and labour. ChA is often accompanied by local hypoxia because of the high oxygen consumption at the site of inflammation. We examined comparatively (ChA-complicated vs. normal pregnancy) CX3CR1 expression and the effects of hypoxia, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and CX3CR1 blockade on CX3CL1 production in HAEC cultured in vitro.

Methods

HAEC have been isolated using trypsinization, and cultured under normoxia (20% O2) vs. hypoxia (5% O2). According to the experimental design, LPS (1 μg/ml) and neutralizing anti-CX3CR1 antibodies were added at respective time points. Mean CX3CL1 concentration in the supernatant samples were determined by ELISA. Expression of immunostained CX3CR1 was analyzed using quantitative morphometry.

Results

We have found that the mean levels of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression were remarkably (p < 0.05) higher in ChA, compared to normal pregnancy. Significantly increased expression of CX3CR1 was observed in ChA during both normoxia and hypoxia. Hypoxia exposure produced decrease in the mean concentration of CX3CL1 in both groups, however this reduction was stronger in normal pregnancy. In normoxia, LPS-evoked rise in the mean concentration of CX3CL1 was higher (p < 0.05) in normal pregnancy. This response was positively correlated with CX3CR1 expression. Blockade of CX3CR1 canceled the secretory response to LPS in all groups.

Conclusions

ChA-complicated pregnancy up-regulates CX3CR1 in HAEC cultured in vitro with simultaneous increase in CX3CL1 production. Hypoxia-resistant production of CX3CL1 may be responsible for ChA-related complications of pregnancy and labor.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Chorioamnionitis (ChA) modifies CX3CL1 (fractalkine) production by human amniotic epithelial cells (HAEC) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions
Authors
Dariusz Szukiewicz
Jan Kochanowski
Tarun Kumar Mittal
Michal Pyzlak
Grzegorz Szewczyk
Krzysztof Cendrowski
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Inflammation / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1476-9255
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-9255-11-12

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